build: find and link to Threads::Threads

the fx.diagnostics namespace includes a process class for starting and managing processes

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.25)
 project(fx C ASM)
 
-set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake)
+set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake)
+
+find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
+
 include (TestBigEndian)
 include(Templates)
 include(Platform)
@@ -15,7 +18,6 @@ else ()
 	add_compile_definitions(FX_ENDIAN=0)
 endif ()
 
-
 set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 99)
 set(CMAKE_C_EXTENSIONS OFF)
 
@@ -62,3 +64,9 @@ endforeach (assembly)
 if (fx_enable_tests)
 	add_subdirectory(test)
 endif ()
+
+set_target_properties(
+    ${fx_assemblies}
+    PROPERTIES
+    INSTALL_RPATH
+    "${CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH};${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib")

assemblies/fx.diagnostics/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+add_fx_assembly(
+	NAME fx.diagnostics
+	NAMESPACES fx.diagnostics
+	DEPENDENCIES fx.runtime fx.collections fx.io)

assemblies/fx.diagnostics/assembly.c

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include <fx/macros.h>
+#include <fx/reflection/assembly.h>
+
+FX_ASSEMBLY_BEGIN(fx_diagnostics)
+	FX_ASSEMBLY_NAME("fx.diagnostics");
+	FX_ASSEMBLY_VERSION(1, 0, 0, 0);
+FX_ASSEMBLY_END(fx_diagnostics)

assemblies/fx.runtime/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 add_fx_assembly(
 	NAME fx.runtime
-	NAMESPACES fx fx.reflection)
+	NAMESPACES fx fx.reflection
+	DEPENDENCIES Threads::Threads)

fx.cmdline/report.c

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ enum fx_status fx_arglist_report_missing_option(
 	}
 
 	fx_err("required option `" F_YELLOW "%s" F_RESET "` was not specified.",
-	       fx_stringstream_ptr(opt_name));
+	       fx_stringstream_get_cstr(opt_name));
 	fx_i("usage: %s", fx_string_get_cstr(opt_string));
 	fx_i("for more information, use `" F_YELLOW "--help" F_RESET "`");
 

fx.collections/hashtable.c

@@ -68,9 +68,14 @@ static fx_status convert_key_to_index(
 		return status;
 	}
 
-	size_t index = hash % table_size, i = 1;
+	size_t base_index = hash % table_size;
+	size_t index = base_index, i = 0;
 	bool index_found = false;
-	while (table[index].i_item && i <= table_size) {
+	while (i <= table_size) {
+		if (!table[index].i_item) {
+			goto skip;
+		}
+
 		const struct fx_hashtable_item_p *item = fx_object_get_private(
 			table[index].i_item,
 			FX_TYPE_HASHTABLE_ITEM);
@@ -80,7 +85,8 @@ static fx_status convert_key_to_index(
 			break;
 		}
 
-		index = (index + (i * i)) % table_size;
+	skip:
+		index = (base_index + (i * i)) % table_size;
 		i++;
 	}
 
@@ -108,7 +114,7 @@ static fx_status allocate_index_for_key(
 	size_t index = hash % table_size;
 	bool ok = false;
 
-	for (size_t i = 1; i < table_size; i++) {
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < table_size; i++) {
 		if (!table[index].i_item) {
 			ok = true;
 			break;
@@ -276,18 +282,27 @@ static fx_status hashtable_put(
 		break;
 	} while (1);
 
-	fx_hashtable_item *item = fx_object_create(FX_TYPE_HASHTABLE_ITEM);
+	fx_hashtable_item *item = hashtable->t_items[index].i_item;
+	struct fx_hashtable_item_p *item_p = NULL;
 	if (!item) {
-		return FX_ERR_NO_MEMORY;
+		item = fx_object_create(FX_TYPE_HASHTABLE_ITEM);
+		if (!item) {
+			return FX_ERR_NO_MEMORY;
+		}
+
+		item_p = fx_object_get_private(item, FX_TYPE_HASHTABLE_ITEM);
+
+		fx_value_copy(&item_p->i_key, key);
+
+		hashtable->t_items[index].i_item = item;
+		hashtable->t_count++;
+	} else {
+		item_p = fx_object_get_private(item, FX_TYPE_HASHTABLE_ITEM);
+		fx_value_unset(&item_p->i_value);
 	}
 
-	struct fx_hashtable_item_p *item_p
-		= fx_object_get_private(item, FX_TYPE_HASHTABLE_ITEM);
-	fx_value_copy(&item_p->i_key, key);
 	fx_value_copy(&item_p->i_value, value);
 
-	hashtable->t_items[index].i_item = item;
-	hashtable->t_count++;
 	return FX_SUCCESS;
 }
 
@@ -531,6 +546,56 @@ static fx_status to_string(
 	return FX_SUCCESS;
 }
 
+static fx_status clone(const fx_value *src_v, fx_value *dest_v)
+{
+	fx_hashtable *src_table = NULL, *dest_table = NULL;
+	fx_value_get_object(src_v, &src_table);
+
+	dest_table = fx_hashtable_create();
+	if (!dest_table) {
+		return FX_ERR_NO_MEMORY;
+	}
+
+	struct fx_hashtable_p *src_p
+		= fx_object_get_private(src_table, FX_TYPE_HASHTABLE);
+	struct fx_hashtable_p *dest_p
+		= fx_object_get_private(dest_table, FX_TYPE_HASHTABLE);
+	dest_p->t_count = src_p->t_count;
+	dest_p->t_max_index = src_p->t_max_index;
+	size_t capacity = primes[dest_p->t_max_index];
+	dest_p->t_items = calloc(capacity, sizeof *dest_p->t_items);
+	if (!dest_p->t_items) {
+		fx_hashtable_unref(dest_table);
+		return FX_ERR_NO_MEMORY;
+	}
+
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
+		if (!src_p->t_items[i].i_item) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		fx_hashtable *new_item
+			= fx_object_create(FX_TYPE_HASHTABLE_ITEM);
+		if (!new_item) {
+			fx_hashtable_unref(dest_table);
+			return FX_ERR_NO_MEMORY;
+		}
+
+		struct fx_hashtable_item_p *src_item_p = fx_object_get_private(
+			src_p->t_items[i].i_item,
+			FX_TYPE_HASHTABLE_ITEM);
+		struct fx_hashtable_item_p *new_item_p = fx_object_get_private(
+			new_item,
+			FX_TYPE_HASHTABLE_ITEM);
+		new_item_p->i_key = fx_value_copy_return(src_item_p->i_key);
+		new_item_p->i_value = fx_value_copy_return(src_item_p->i_value);
+		dest_p->t_items[i].i_item = new_item;
+	}
+
+	*dest_v = FX_VALUE_OBJECT(dest_table);
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
 static fx_status get_key(
 	const fx_value *item_value,
 	const fx_property *prop,
@@ -623,6 +688,10 @@ static const fx_value *iterator_get_value(const fx_iterator *obj)
 	struct table_item *table = it->_h_p->t_items;
 	size_t capacity = primes[it->_h_p->t_max_index];
 
+	if (it->i >= capacity) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
 	if (table[it->i].i_item) {
 		return &it->item_value;
 	}
@@ -636,6 +705,7 @@ static const fx_value *iterator_get_value(const fx_iterator *obj)
 FX_TYPE_CLASS_BEGIN(fx_hashtable)
 	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
 		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(to_string) = to_string;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(clone) = clone;
 	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
 
 	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_iterable, FX_TYPE_ITERABLE)

fx.collections/test/streams.c

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 	fx_stream_read_all_bytes_s(fx_stdin, dest_stream, buf, &nr_read);
 
 	printf("done. read %zu bytes total.\n", nr_read);
-	printf("%s\n", fx_stringstream_ptr(dest_stream));
+	printf("%s\n", fx_stringstream_get_cstr(dest_stream));
 
 	fx_stringstream_unref(dest_stream);
 	fx_stream_buffer_unref(buf);

fx.diagnostics/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export_fx_namespace_details(fx.diagnostics)

fx.diagnostics/include/fx/diagnostics/process.h

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#ifndef FX_DIAGNOSTICS_PROCESS_H_
+#define FX_DIAGNOSTICS_PROCESS_H_
+
+#include <fx/collections/array.h>
+#include <fx/collections/hashtable.h>
+#include <fx/macros.h>
+#include <fx/stream.h>
+
+FX_DECLS_BEGIN;
+
+#define FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS (fx_process_get_type())
+
+FX_DECLARE_TYPE(fx_process);
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_DECLARATION_BEGIN(fx_process)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_DECLARATION_END(fx_process)
+
+typedef struct fx_process_start_info {
+	bool proc_redirect_stdin, proc_redirect_stdout, proc_redirect_stderr;
+	const char *proc_file_name;
+	const fx_array *proc_args;
+	const fx_hashtable *proc_environment;
+} fx_process_start_info;
+
+FX_API fx_type_id fx_process_get_type(void);
+
+FX_API fx_process *fx_process_create(const fx_process_start_info *info);
+
+FX_API fx_process *fx_process_get_self(void);
+
+FX_API fx_status fx_process_start(fx_process *proc);
+FX_API fx_status fx_process_wait(fx_process *proc, int *out_result);
+FX_API fx_status fx_process_kill(fx_process *proc);
+
+FX_API const fx_hashtable *fx_process_get_environment(const fx_process *proc);
+FX_API fx_stream *fx_process_get_stdin(fx_process *proc);
+FX_API fx_stream *fx_process_get_stdout(fx_process *proc);
+FX_API fx_stream *fx_process_get_stderr(fx_process *proc);
+
+FX_API void fx_process_close_stdin(fx_process *proc);
+FX_API void fx_process_close_stdout(fx_process *proc);
+FX_API void fx_process_close_stderr(fx_process *proc);
+
+FX_DECLS_END;
+
+#endif

fx.diagnostics/sys/apple/process.c

@@ -0,0 +1,570 @@
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200809L
+
+#include <fx/collections/array.h>
+#include <fx/diagnostics/process.h>
+#include <fx/global.h>
+#include <fx/io/path.h>
+#include <fx/io/pipe.h>
+#include <fx/io/stream.h>
+#include <fx/iterator.h>
+#include <fx/macros.h>
+#include <fx/string.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+static fx_process *self = NULL;
+
+extern const char **environ;
+
+FX_API fx_type_id fx_process_iterator_get_type();
+
+FX_DECLARE_TYPE(fx_process_iterator);
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_DECLARATION_BEGIN(fx_process_iterator)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_DECLARATION_END(fx_process_iterator)
+
+struct fx_process_p {
+	fx_string *proc_exec_path;
+	fx_array *proc_args;
+	bool proc_redirect_stdin, proc_redirect_stdout, proc_redirect_stderr;
+	fx_stream *proc_stdin, *proc_stdout, *proc_stderr;
+	pid_t proc_id;
+	fx_hashtable *proc_environment;
+};
+
+struct fx_process_iterator_p {
+};
+
+/*** PRIVATE FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static bool exec_name_is_path(const char *s)
+{
+	fx_wchar c;
+	while (*s) {
+		c = fx_wchar_utf8_codepoint_decode(s);
+		if (c == FX_WCHAR_INVALID) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (c == '/') {
+			return true;
+		}
+
+		s += fx_wchar_utf8_codepoint_stride(s);
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+const fx_string *get_path(void)
+{
+	const char *path_env = NULL;
+	fx_process *self = fx_process_get_self();
+	if (!self) {
+		goto fallback;
+	}
+
+	const fx_hashtable *env = fx_process_get_environment(self);
+	if (!env) {
+		goto fallback;
+	}
+
+	const fx_value *path_v = fx_hashtable_get(env, &FX_CSTR("PATH"));
+	if (!path_v) {
+		goto fallback;
+	}
+
+	fx_string *result = NULL;
+	fx_value_get_object(path_v, &result);
+	return result;
+
+fallback:
+	path_env = getenv("PATH");
+	if (!path_env) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return fx_string_create_from_cstr(path_env);
+}
+
+static fx_status find_executable(fx_string *exec_path)
+{
+	const char *exec_path_cstr = fx_string_get_cstr(exec_path);
+	const fx_string *path_env = get_path();
+	if (!path_env) {
+		return FX_ERR_NO_ENTRY;
+	}
+
+	const char *delim[] = {":"};
+	size_t nr_delim = sizeof delim / sizeof delim[0];
+	fx_path *path = NULL;
+	fx_iterator *it = fx_string_tokenise(
+		path_env,
+		delim,
+		nr_delim,
+		FX_STRING_TOK_F_NORMAL);
+	fx_status status = FX_ERR_NO_ENTRY;
+
+	fx_foreach(tok, it)
+	{
+		path = fx_path_join_list(2, tok, &FX_VALUE_OBJECT(exec_path));
+		if (fx_path_is_file(path)) {
+			fx_string_clear(exec_path);
+			fx_string_append_cstr(
+				exec_path,
+				fx_path_get_cstr(path));
+			status = FX_SUCCESS;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	fx_iterator_unref(it);
+	fx_path_unref(path);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+static fx_status process_start(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	fx_iostream *in_r = NULL, *in_w = NULL;
+	fx_iostream *out_r = NULL, *out_w = NULL;
+	fx_iostream *err_r = NULL, *err_w = NULL;
+	fx_status status = FX_SUCCESS;
+	bool name_is_path
+		= exec_name_is_path(fx_string_get_cstr(proc->proc_exec_path));
+
+	if (!name_is_path) {
+		status = find_executable(proc->proc_exec_path);
+	}
+
+	if (!FX_OK(status)) {
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	if (proc->proc_redirect_stdin) {
+		status = fx_pipe_create(&in_r, &in_w);
+		if (!FX_OK(status)) {
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (proc->proc_redirect_stdout) {
+		status = fx_pipe_create(&out_r, &out_w);
+		if (!FX_OK(status)) {
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (proc->proc_redirect_stderr) {
+		status = fx_pipe_create(&err_r, &err_w);
+		if (!FX_OK(status)) {
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+	}
+
+	pid_t pid = fork();
+
+	if (pid < 0) {
+		status = FX_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	if (pid > 0) {
+		proc->proc_id = pid;
+		proc->proc_stdin = fx_iostream_ref(in_w);
+		proc->proc_stdout = fx_iostream_ref(out_r);
+		proc->proc_stderr = fx_iostream_ref(err_r);
+		status = FX_SUCCESS;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	int fd = -1;
+	if (proc->proc_redirect_stdin) {
+		fx_iostream_unref(in_w);
+		fd = fx_iostream_steal_os_handle(in_r);
+		int err = dup2(fd, 0);
+		close(fd);
+	}
+
+	if (proc->proc_redirect_stdout) {
+		fx_iostream_unref(out_r);
+		fd = fx_iostream_steal_os_handle(out_w);
+		dup2(fd, 1);
+		close(fd);
+	}
+
+	if (proc->proc_redirect_stderr) {
+		fx_iostream_unref(err_r);
+		fd = fx_iostream_steal_os_handle(err_w);
+		dup2(fd, 2);
+		close(fd);
+	}
+
+	const char **argv = NULL;
+	const char **envp = NULL;
+	const char *default_argv[] = {
+		fx_string_get_cstr(proc->proc_exec_path),
+		NULL,
+	};
+
+	size_t argc = 0;
+	size_t envc = 0;
+
+	if (proc->proc_args) {
+		argc = fx_array_get_size(proc->proc_args);
+	}
+
+	if (proc->proc_environment) {
+		envc = fx_hashtable_get_count(proc->proc_environment);
+	}
+
+	if (argc) {
+		argv = calloc(argc + 1, sizeof(char *));
+
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+			const fx_value *arg_value
+				= fx_array_get_ref(proc->proc_args, i);
+			fx_value_get_cstr(arg_value, &argv[i]);
+		}
+	} else {
+		argv = default_argv;
+	}
+
+	if (envc) {
+		envp = calloc(envc + 1, sizeof(char *));
+		size_t i = 0;
+		fx_stringstream *tmp = fx_stringstream_create();
+		const fx_iterator *it
+			= fx_iterator_begin(proc->proc_environment);
+		fx_foreach(v, it)
+		{
+			fx_hashtable_item *item = NULL;
+			fx_value_get_object(v, &item);
+			const fx_value *name_v
+				= fx_hashtable_item_get_key(item);
+			const fx_value *value_v
+				= fx_hashtable_item_get_value(item);
+
+			fx_value_to_string(name_v, tmp, NULL);
+			fx_stream_write_char(tmp, '=');
+			fx_value_to_string(value_v, tmp, NULL);
+			envp[i++] = fx_stringstream_steal(tmp);
+		}
+
+		fx_iterator_unref(it);
+		fx_string_unref(tmp);
+	}
+
+	execve(fx_string_get_cstr(proc->proc_exec_path),
+	       (char *const *)argv,
+	       (char *const *)envp);
+	exit(127);
+
+cleanup:
+	fx_iostream_unref(in_r);
+	fx_iostream_unref(in_w);
+	fx_iostream_unref(out_r);
+	fx_iostream_unref(out_w);
+	fx_iostream_unref(err_r);
+	fx_iostream_unref(err_w);
+	return status;
+}
+
+static fx_status process_wait(struct fx_process_p *proc, int *out_result)
+{
+	if (proc->proc_id == 0) {
+		return FX_ERR_BAD_STATE;
+	}
+
+	int status = 0;
+
+	do {
+		int err = waitpid(proc->proc_id, &status, WUNTRACED);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			return FX_ERR_BAD_STATE;
+		}
+	} while (!WIFEXITED(status));
+
+	proc->proc_id = 0;
+	*out_result = WEXITSTATUS(status);
+	return FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+}
+
+static fx_status process_kill(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	if (proc->proc_id == 0) {
+		return FX_ERR_BAD_STATE;
+	}
+
+	int err = kill(proc->proc_id, SIGTERM);
+	if (err != 0) {
+		return FX_ERR_BAD_STATE;
+	}
+
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static const fx_hashtable *process_get_environment(
+	const struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	return proc->proc_environment;
+}
+
+static fx_stream *process_get_stdin(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	return proc->proc_stdin;
+}
+
+static fx_stream *process_get_stdout(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	return proc->proc_stdout;
+}
+
+static fx_stream *process_get_stderr(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	return proc->proc_stderr;
+}
+
+static void process_close_stdin(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	fx_iostream_unref(proc->proc_stdin);
+	proc->proc_stdin = NULL;
+}
+
+static void process_close_stdout(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	fx_iostream_unref(proc->proc_stdout);
+	proc->proc_stdout = NULL;
+}
+
+static void process_close_stderr(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	fx_iostream_unref(proc->proc_stderr);
+	proc->proc_stderr = NULL;
+}
+
+/*** PUBLIC FUNCTIONS *********************************************************/
+
+fx_process *fx_process_create(const fx_process_start_info *info)
+{
+	fx_process *out = fx_object_create(FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS);
+	if (!out) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	struct fx_process_p *proc
+		= fx_object_get_private(out, FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS);
+
+	proc->proc_exec_path = fx_string_create_from_cstr(info->proc_file_name);
+	if (!proc->proc_exec_path) {
+		fx_process_unref(out);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	proc->proc_args = fx_array_ref((fx_array *)info->proc_args);
+
+	proc->proc_environment
+		= fx_hashtable_ref((fx_hashtable *)info->proc_environment);
+	proc->proc_redirect_stdin = info->proc_redirect_stdin;
+	proc->proc_redirect_stdout = info->proc_redirect_stdout;
+	proc->proc_redirect_stderr = info->proc_redirect_stderr;
+
+	return out;
+}
+
+fx_process *fx_process_get_self(void)
+{
+	if (self) {
+		return self;
+	}
+
+	self = fx_object_create(FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS);
+	if (!self) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	struct fx_process_p *proc
+		= fx_object_get_private(self, FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS);
+
+	proc->proc_id = getpid();
+	fx_hashtable *env = fx_hashtable_create();
+
+	for (size_t i = 0; environ[i]; i++) {
+		char *envstr = fx_strdup(environ[i]);
+
+		const char *name = envstr;
+		char *sep = strchr(name, '=');
+		const char *value = NULL;
+		if (sep) {
+			*sep = '\0';
+			value = sep + 1;
+		}
+
+		fx_string *name_str = fx_string_create_from_cstr(name);
+		fx_string *value_str = fx_string_create();
+		if (value) {
+			fx_string_append_cstr(value_str, value);
+		}
+
+		fx_hashtable_put(
+			env,
+			&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(name_str),
+			&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(value_str));
+
+		fx_string_unref(name_str);
+		fx_string_unref(value_str);
+		free(envstr);
+	}
+
+	proc->proc_environment = env;
+
+	fx_register_global(self);
+	return self;
+}
+
+fx_status fx_process_start(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_start,
+		proc);
+}
+
+fx_status fx_process_wait(fx_process *proc, int *out_result)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_wait,
+		proc,
+		out_result);
+}
+
+fx_status fx_process_kill(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_kill,
+		proc);
+}
+
+const fx_hashtable *fx_process_get_environment(const fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_get_environment,
+		proc);
+}
+
+fx_stream *fx_process_get_stdin(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_get_stdin,
+		proc);
+}
+
+fx_stream *fx_process_get_stdout(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_get_stdout,
+		proc);
+}
+
+fx_stream *fx_process_get_stderr(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_get_stderr,
+		proc);
+}
+
+void fx_process_close_stdin(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_V0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_close_stdin,
+		proc);
+}
+
+void fx_process_close_stdout(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_V0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_close_stdout,
+		proc);
+}
+
+void fx_process_close_stderr(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_V0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_close_stderr,
+		proc);
+}
+
+/*** VIRTUAL FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static void process_init(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+}
+
+static void process_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_process_p *proc = priv;
+	fx_array_unref(proc->proc_args);
+	fx_iostream_unref(proc->proc_stdin);
+	fx_iostream_unref(proc->proc_stdout);
+	fx_iostream_unref(proc->proc_stderr);
+	fx_string_unref(proc->proc_exec_path);
+	fx_hashtable_unref(proc->proc_environment);
+}
+
+/*** ITERATOR DEFINITION ******************************************************/
+
+static enum fx_status process_iterator_move_next(const fx_iterator *obj)
+{
+	return FX_ERR_NO_DATA;
+}
+
+static const fx_value *process_iterator_get_value(const fx_iterator *obj)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*** CLASS DEFINITION *********************************************************/
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_BEGIN(fx_process)
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(to_string) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_END(fx_process)
+
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_BEGIN(fx_process)
+	FX_TYPE_ID(0x7334594f, 0xa1c3, 0x4715, 0xab69, 0x68a709e1b64b);
+	FX_TYPE_NAME("fx.diagnostics.process");
+	FX_TYPE_CLASS(fx_process_class);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_PRIVATE(struct fx_process_p);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_INIT(process_init);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_FINI(process_fini);
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_process)
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_BEGIN(fx_process_iterator)
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(to_string) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_iterator, FX_TYPE_ITERATOR)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(it_move_next) = process_iterator_move_next;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(it_get_value) = process_iterator_get_value;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_iterator, FX_TYPE_ITERATOR)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_END(fx_process_iterator)
+
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_BEGIN(fx_process_iterator)
+	FX_TYPE_ID(0x67eb13b6, 0x25d1, 0x424a, 0xb136, 0x871a07829089);
+	FX_TYPE_NAME("fx.diagnostics.process.iterator");
+	FX_TYPE_EXTENDS(FX_TYPE_ITERATOR);
+	FX_TYPE_CLASS(fx_process_iterator_class);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_PRIVATE(struct fx_process_iterator_p);
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_process_iterator)

fx.diagnostics/sys/linux/process.c

@@ -0,0 +1,491 @@
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200809L
+
+#include <fx/collections/array.h>
+#include <fx/diagnostics/process.h>
+#include <fx/global.h>
+#include <fx/io/pipe.h>
+#include <fx/io/stream.h>
+#include <fx/iterator.h>
+#include <fx/macros.h>
+#include <fx/string.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+static fx_process *self = NULL;
+
+extern const char **environ;
+
+FX_API fx_type_id fx_process_iterator_get_type();
+
+FX_DECLARE_TYPE(fx_process_iterator);
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_DECLARATION_BEGIN(fx_process_iterator)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_DECLARATION_END(fx_process_iterator)
+
+struct fx_process_p {
+	fx_string *proc_exec_path;
+	fx_array *proc_args;
+	bool proc_redirect_stdin, proc_redirect_stdout, proc_redirect_stderr;
+	fx_stream *proc_stdin, *proc_stdout, *proc_stderr;
+	pid_t proc_id;
+	fx_hashtable *proc_environment;
+};
+
+struct fx_process_iterator_p {
+};
+
+/*** PRIVATE FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static fx_status process_start(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	fx_iostream *in_r = NULL, *in_w = NULL;
+	fx_iostream *out_r = NULL, *out_w = NULL;
+	fx_iostream *err_r = NULL, *err_w = NULL;
+	fx_status status = FX_SUCCESS;
+
+	if (proc->proc_redirect_stdin) {
+		status = fx_pipe_create(&in_r, &in_w);
+		if (!FX_OK(status)) {
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (proc->proc_redirect_stdout) {
+		status = fx_pipe_create(&out_r, &out_w);
+		if (!FX_OK(status)) {
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (proc->proc_redirect_stderr) {
+		status = fx_pipe_create(&err_r, &err_w);
+		if (!FX_OK(status)) {
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+	}
+
+	pid_t pid = fork();
+
+	if (pid < 0) {
+		status = FX_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	if (pid > 0) {
+		proc->proc_id = pid;
+		proc->proc_stdin = fx_iostream_ref(in_w);
+		proc->proc_stdout = fx_iostream_ref(out_r);
+		proc->proc_stderr = fx_iostream_ref(err_r);
+		status = FX_SUCCESS;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	int fd = -1;
+	if (proc->proc_redirect_stdin) {
+		fx_iostream_unref(in_w);
+		fd = fx_iostream_steal_os_handle(in_r);
+		int err = dup2(fd, 0);
+		close(fd);
+	}
+
+	if (proc->proc_redirect_stdout) {
+		fx_iostream_unref(out_r);
+		fd = fx_iostream_steal_os_handle(out_w);
+		dup2(fd, 1);
+		close(fd);
+	}
+
+	if (proc->proc_redirect_stderr) {
+		fx_iostream_unref(err_r);
+		fd = fx_iostream_steal_os_handle(err_w);
+		dup2(fd, 2);
+		close(fd);
+	}
+
+	const char **argv = NULL;
+	const char **envp = NULL;
+	const char *default_argv[] = {
+		fx_string_get_cstr(proc->proc_exec_path),
+		NULL,
+	};
+
+	size_t argc = 0;
+	size_t envc = 0;
+
+	if (proc->proc_args) {
+		argc = fx_array_get_size(proc->proc_args);
+	}
+
+	if (proc->proc_environment) {
+		envc = fx_hashtable_get_count(proc->proc_environment);
+	}
+
+	if (argc) {
+		argv = calloc(argc + 1, sizeof(char *));
+
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+			const fx_value *arg_value
+				= fx_array_get_ref(proc->proc_args, i);
+			fx_value_get_cstr(arg_value, &argv[i]);
+		}
+	} else {
+		argv = default_argv;
+	}
+
+	if (envc) {
+		envp = calloc(envc + 1, sizeof(char *));
+		size_t i = 0;
+		fx_stringstream *tmp = fx_stringstream_create();
+		const fx_iterator *it
+			= fx_iterator_begin(proc->proc_environment);
+		fx_foreach(v, it)
+		{
+			fx_hashtable_item *item = NULL;
+			fx_value_get_object(v, &item);
+			const fx_value *name_v
+				= fx_hashtable_item_get_key(item);
+			const fx_value *value_v
+				= fx_hashtable_item_get_value(item);
+
+			fx_value_to_string(name_v, tmp, NULL);
+			fx_stream_write_char(tmp, '=');
+			fx_value_to_string(value_v, tmp, NULL);
+			envp[i++] = fx_stringstream_steal(tmp);
+		}
+
+		fx_iterator_unref(it);
+		fx_string_unref(tmp);
+	}
+
+	execve(fx_string_get_cstr(proc->proc_exec_path),
+	       (char *const *)argv,
+	       (char *const *)envp);
+	exit(127);
+
+cleanup:
+	fx_iostream_unref(in_r);
+	fx_iostream_unref(in_w);
+	fx_iostream_unref(out_r);
+	fx_iostream_unref(out_w);
+	fx_iostream_unref(err_r);
+	fx_iostream_unref(err_w);
+	return status;
+}
+
+static fx_status process_wait(struct fx_process_p *proc, int *out_result)
+{
+	if (proc->proc_id == 0) {
+		return FX_ERR_BAD_STATE;
+	}
+
+	int status = 0;
+
+	do {
+		int err = waitpid(proc->proc_id, &status, WUNTRACED);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			return FX_ERR_BAD_STATE;
+		}
+	} while (!WIFEXITED(status));
+
+	proc->proc_id = 0;
+	*out_result = WEXITSTATUS(status);
+	return FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+}
+
+static fx_status process_kill(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	if (proc->proc_id == 0) {
+		return FX_ERR_BAD_STATE;
+	}
+
+	int err = kill(proc->proc_id, SIGTERM);
+	if (err != 0) {
+		return FX_ERR_BAD_STATE;
+	}
+
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static const fx_hashtable *process_get_environment(
+	const struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	return proc->proc_environment;
+}
+
+static fx_stream *process_get_stdin(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	return proc->proc_stdin;
+}
+
+static fx_stream *process_get_stdout(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	return proc->proc_stdout;
+}
+
+static fx_stream *process_get_stderr(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	return proc->proc_stderr;
+}
+
+static void process_close_stdin(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	fx_iostream_unref(proc->proc_stdin);
+	proc->proc_stdin = NULL;
+}
+
+static void process_close_stdout(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	fx_iostream_unref(proc->proc_stdout);
+	proc->proc_stdout = NULL;
+}
+
+static void process_close_stderr(struct fx_process_p *proc)
+{
+	fx_iostream_unref(proc->proc_stderr);
+	proc->proc_stderr = NULL;
+}
+
+/*** PUBLIC FUNCTIONS *********************************************************/
+
+fx_process *fx_process_create(const fx_process_start_info *info)
+{
+	fx_process *out = fx_object_create(FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS);
+	if (!out) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	struct fx_process_p *proc
+		= fx_object_get_private(out, FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS);
+
+	proc->proc_exec_path = fx_string_create_from_cstr(info->proc_file_name);
+	if (!proc->proc_exec_path) {
+		fx_process_unref(out);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (info->proc_args_count > 0) {
+		proc->proc_args = fx_array_create();
+		if (!proc->proc_args) {
+			fx_process_unref(out);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < info->proc_args_count; i++) {
+		fx_string *arg = fx_string_create_from_cstr(info->proc_args[i]);
+		if (!arg) {
+			fx_process_unref(out);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
+		fx_array_push_back(proc->proc_args, FX_VALUE_OBJECT(arg));
+		fx_string_unref(arg);
+	}
+
+	proc->proc_environment
+		= fx_hashtable_ref((fx_hashtable *)info->proc_environment);
+	proc->proc_redirect_stdin = info->proc_redirect_stdin;
+	proc->proc_redirect_stdout = info->proc_redirect_stdout;
+	proc->proc_redirect_stderr = info->proc_redirect_stderr;
+
+	return out;
+}
+
+fx_process *fx_process_get_self(void)
+{
+	if (self) {
+		return self;
+	}
+
+	self = fx_object_create(FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS);
+	if (!self) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	struct fx_process_p *proc
+		= fx_object_get_private(self, FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS);
+
+	proc->proc_id = getpid();
+	fx_hashtable *env = fx_hashtable_create();
+
+	for (size_t i = 0; environ[i]; i++) {
+		char *envstr = fx_strdup(environ[i]);
+
+		const char *name = envstr;
+		char *sep = strchr(name, '=');
+		const char *value = NULL;
+		if (sep) {
+			*sep = '\0';
+			value = sep + 1;
+		}
+
+		fx_string *name_str = fx_string_create_from_cstr(name);
+		fx_string *value_str = fx_string_create();
+		if (value) {
+			fx_string_append_cstr(value_str, value);
+		}
+
+		fx_hashtable_put(
+			env,
+			&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(name_str),
+			&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(value_str));
+
+		fx_string_unref(name_str);
+		fx_string_unref(value_str);
+		free(envstr);
+	}
+
+	proc->proc_environment = env;
+
+	fx_register_global(self);
+	return self;
+}
+
+fx_status fx_process_start(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_start,
+		proc);
+}
+
+fx_status fx_process_wait(fx_process *proc, int *out_result)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_wait,
+		proc,
+		out_result);
+}
+
+fx_status fx_process_kill(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_kill,
+		proc);
+}
+
+const fx_hashtable *fx_process_get_environment(const fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_get_environment,
+		proc);
+}
+
+fx_stream *fx_process_get_stdin(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_get_stdin,
+		proc);
+}
+
+fx_stream *fx_process_get_stdout(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_get_stdout,
+		proc);
+}
+
+fx_stream *fx_process_get_stderr(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_get_stderr,
+		proc);
+}
+
+void fx_process_close_stdin(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_V0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_close_stdin,
+		proc);
+}
+
+void fx_process_close_stdout(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_V0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_close_stdout,
+		proc);
+}
+
+void fx_process_close_stderr(fx_process *proc)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_V0(
+		FX_DIAGNOSTICS_TYPE_PROCESS,
+		process_close_stderr,
+		proc);
+}
+
+/*** VIRTUAL FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static void process_init(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+}
+
+static void process_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_process_p *proc = priv;
+	fx_array_unref(proc->proc_args);
+	fx_iostream_unref(proc->proc_stdin);
+	fx_iostream_unref(proc->proc_stdout);
+	fx_iostream_unref(proc->proc_stderr);
+	fx_string_unref(proc->proc_exec_path);
+	fx_hashtable_unref(proc->proc_environment);
+}
+
+/*** ITERATOR DEFINITION
+ * ******************************************************/
+
+static enum fx_status process_iterator_move_next(const fx_iterator *obj)
+{
+	return FX_ERR_NO_DATA;
+}
+
+static const fx_value *process_iterator_get_value(const fx_iterator *obj)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*** CLASS DEFINITION
+ * *********************************************************/
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_BEGIN(fx_process)
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(to_string) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_END(fx_process)
+
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_BEGIN(fx_process)
+	FX_TYPE_ID(0x7334594f, 0xa1c3, 0x4715, 0xab69, 0x68a709e1b64b);
+	FX_TYPE_NAME("fx.diagnostics.process");
+	FX_TYPE_CLASS(fx_process_class);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_PRIVATE(struct fx_process_p);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_INIT(process_init);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_FINI(process_fini);
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_process)
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_BEGIN(fx_process_iterator)
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(to_string) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_iterator, FX_TYPE_ITERATOR)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(it_move_next) = process_iterator_move_next;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(it_get_value) = process_iterator_get_value;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_iterator, FX_TYPE_ITERATOR)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_END(fx_process_iterator)
+
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_BEGIN(fx_process_iterator)
+	FX_TYPE_ID(0x67eb13b6, 0x25d1, 0x424a, 0xb136, 0x871a07829089);
+	FX_TYPE_NAME("fx.diagnostics.process.iterator");
+	FX_TYPE_EXTENDS(FX_TYPE_ITERATOR);
+	FX_TYPE_CLASS(fx_process_iterator_class);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_PRIVATE(struct fx_process_iterator_p);
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_process_iterator)

fx.diagnostics/test/redirect.c

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#include <fx/diagnostics/process.h>
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	if (argc < 3) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	const char *exec = argv[1];
+	const char *msg = argv[2];
+
+	const fx_value arg_values[] = {
+		FX_CSTR("hello"),
+		FX_CSTR("world"),
+	};
+	fx_array *args = fx_array_create_with_values(
+		arg_values,
+		sizeof arg_values / sizeof arg_values[0]);
+
+	fx_process *self = fx_process_get_self();
+	const fx_hashtable *env = fx_process_get_environment(self);
+
+	fx_process_start_info info = {
+		.proc_args = args,
+		.proc_redirect_stdout = true,
+		.proc_redirect_stdin = true,
+		.proc_file_name = exec,
+		.proc_environment = env,
+	};
+
+	fx_process *process = fx_process_create(&info);
+	if (!process) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Process creation failed\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	fx_status status = fx_process_start(process);
+	if (!FX_OK(status)) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		        "Process creation failed: %s\n",
+		        fx_status_description(status));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	printf("process stdin: %s\n", msg);
+
+	fx_stream *in = fx_process_get_stdin(process);
+	fx_stream_write_cstr(in, msg, NULL);
+	fx_stream_write_char(in, '\n');
+	fx_process_close_stdin(process);
+
+	fx_stream *out = fx_process_get_stdout(process);
+	printf("process stdout:\n");
+	printf("---------------------\n");
+
+	while (FX_OK(fx_stream_read_line_s(out, fx_stdout))) { }
+
+	printf("---------------------\n");
+
+	int result;
+	fx_process_wait(process, &result);
+	fx_process_unref(process);
+
+	return 0;
+}

fx.io/include/fx/io/directory.h

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ FX_API fx_type_id fx_directory_iterator_get_type(void);
 
 FX_API fx_result fx_directory_open(
 	fx_directory *root,
-	const fx_path *path,
+	fx_value path,
 	fx_directory_open_flags flags,
 	fx_directory **out);
 FX_API fx_result fx_directory_open_temp(fx_directory **out);
@@ -60,22 +60,17 @@ FX_API const char *fx_directory_get_path_cstr(const fx_directory *dir);
 FX_API const char *fx_directory_get_rel_path_cstr(const fx_directory *dir);
 FX_API fx_result fx_directory_delete(fx_directory *dir);
 
-FX_API bool fx_directory_path_exists(
-	const fx_directory *root,
-	const fx_path *path);
-FX_API bool fx_directory_path_is_file(
-	const fx_directory *root,
-	const fx_path *path);
+FX_API bool fx_directory_path_exists(const fx_directory *root, fx_value path);
+FX_API bool fx_directory_path_is_file(const fx_directory *root, fx_value path);
 FX_API bool fx_directory_path_is_directory(
 	const fx_directory *root,
-	const fx_path *path);
+	fx_value path);
 FX_API fx_result fx_directory_path_stat(
 	const fx_directory *root,
-	const fx_path *path,
+	fx_value path,
 	struct fx_file_info *out);
-FX_API fx_result fx_directory_path_unlink(
-	const fx_directory *root,
-	const fx_path *path);
+FX_API fx_result
+fx_directory_path_unlink(const fx_directory *root, fx_value path);
 
 FX_API fx_iterator *fx_directory_begin(
 	fx_directory *dir,

fx.io/include/fx/io/file.h

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <fx/macros.h>
 #include <fx/misc.h>
 #include <fx/stream.h>
+#include <fx/value.h>
 
 FX_DECLS_BEGIN;
 
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ FX_API fx_type_id fx_file_get_type(void);
 
 FX_API fx_result fx_file_open(
 	FX_TYPE_FWDREF(fx_directory) * root,
-	const FX_TYPE_FWDREF(fx_path) * path,
+	fx_value path,
 	fx_file_mode mode,
 	fx_file **out);
 FX_API fx_result fx_file_open_temp(fx_file_mode mode, fx_file **out);

fx.io/include/fx/io/path.h

@@ -18,18 +18,25 @@ FX_TYPE_CLASS_DECLARATION_END(fx_path)
 
 #define FX_RV_PATH(cstr) FX_RV(fx_path_create_from_cstr(cstr))
 
+typedef enum fx_system_path {
+	FX_PATH_ROOT = 0,
+	FX_PATH_CWD,
+	FX_PATH_HOME,
+	FX_PATH_CONFIG,
+} fx_system_path;
+
 struct fx_file_info;
 
 FX_API fx_type_id fx_path_get_type(void);
 
 FX_TYPE_DEFAULT_CONSTRUCTOR(fx_path, FX_TYPE_PATH);
 
-FX_API fx_path *fx_path_create_root();
-FX_API fx_path *fx_path_create_cwd();
 FX_API fx_path *fx_path_create_from_cstr(const char *path);
+FX_API fx_path *fx_path_get_system(fx_system_path path_type);
 FX_API fx_path *fx_path_duplicate(const fx_path *path);
 
-FX_API fx_path *fx_path_join(const fx_path *paths[], size_t nr_paths);
+FX_API fx_path *fx_path_join_array(const fx_value *values[], size_t nr_values);
+FX_API fx_path *fx_path_join_list(size_t count, ...);
 
 FX_API fx_path *fx_path_make_absolute(const fx_path *in);
 FX_API fx_path *fx_path_make_relative(const fx_path *in);
@@ -49,7 +56,7 @@ FX_API enum fx_status fx_path_get_filename(
 	const fx_path *path,
 	fx_string *out_name);
 
-FX_API const char *fx_path_ptr(const fx_path *path);
+FX_API const char *fx_path_get_cstr(const fx_path *path);
 FX_API size_t fx_path_length(const fx_path *path);
 
 FX_DECLS_END;

fx.io/include/fx/io/pipe.h

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef FX_IO_PIPE_H_
+#define FX_IO_PIPE_H_
+
+#include <fx/io/stream.h>
+
+FX_API fx_status fx_pipe_create(fx_iostream **reader, fx_iostream **writer);
+
+#endif

fx.io/include/fx/io/stream.h

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#ifndef FX_IO_STREAM_H_
+#define FX_IO_STREAM_H_
+
+#include <fx/int.h>
+#include <fx/macros.h>
+#include <fx/stream.h>
+
+FX_DECLS_BEGIN;
+
+#define FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM (fx_iostream_get_type())
+
+FX_DECLARE_TYPE(fx_iostream);
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_DECLARATION_BEGIN(fx_iostream)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_DECLARATION_END(fx_iostream)
+
+FX_API fx_type_id fx_iostream_get_type(void);
+
+FX_API fx_iostream *fx_iostream_create(
+	fx_stream_mode mode,
+	uptr os_handle,
+	bool close_handle_on_release);
+
+FX_API uptr fx_iostream_get_os_handle(const fx_iostream *stream);
+FX_API uptr fx_iostream_steal_os_handle(fx_iostream *stream);
+
+FX_DECLS_END;
+
+#endif

fx.io/sys/apple/directory.c

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200809L
+
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "posix.h"
 
@@ -51,12 +53,12 @@ static const fx_path *directory_get_rel_path(const struct fx_directory_p *dir)
 
 static const char *directory_get_path_cstr(const struct fx_directory_p *dir)
 {
-	return fx_path_ptr(dir->d_path_abs);
+	return fx_path_get_cstr(dir->d_path_abs);
 }
 
 static const char *directory_get_rel_path_cstr(const struct fx_directory_p *dir)
 {
-	return fx_path_ptr(dir->d_path_rel);
+	return fx_path_get_cstr(dir->d_path_rel);
 }
 
 static fx_result directory_delete(
@@ -65,9 +67,8 @@ static fx_result directory_delete(
 {
 	enum fx_status status = FX_SUCCESS;
 
-	fx_iterator *it = fx_directory_begin(
-		dir,
-		FX_DIRECTORY_ITERATE_PARENT_LAST);
+	fx_iterator *it
+		= fx_directory_begin(dir, FX_DIRECTORY_ITERATE_PARENT_LAST);
 	while (FX_OK(fx_iterator_get_status(it))) {
 		fx_iterator_erase(it);
 	}
@@ -87,14 +88,12 @@ static fx_result directory_delete(
 
 static bool directory_path_exists(
 	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
-	const fx_path *path)
+	fx_value path)
 {
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL,
-		path,
-	};
-
-	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join_list(
+		2,
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&path);
 	if (!abs_path) {
 		return false;
 	}
@@ -107,14 +106,14 @@ static bool directory_path_exists(
 
 static bool directory_path_is_file(
 	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
-	const fx_path *path)
+	fx_value path)
 {
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL,
-		path,
-	};
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {};
 
-	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join_list(
+		2,
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&path);
 	if (!abs_path) {
 		return false;
 	}
@@ -127,14 +126,14 @@ static bool directory_path_is_file(
 
 static bool directory_path_is_directory(
 	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
-	const fx_path *path)
+	fx_value path)
 {
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL,
-		path,
-	};
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {};
 
-	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join_list(
+		2,
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&path);
 	if (!abs_path) {
 		return false;
 	}
@@ -147,15 +146,15 @@ static bool directory_path_is_directory(
 
 static fx_result directory_path_stat(
 	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
-	const fx_path *path,
+	fx_value path,
 	struct fx_file_info *out)
 {
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL,
-		path,
-	};
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {};
 
-	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join_list(
+		2,
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&path);
 	if (!abs_path) {
 		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
 	}
@@ -168,14 +167,14 @@ static fx_result directory_path_stat(
 
 static fx_result directory_path_unlink(
 	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
-	const fx_path *path)
+	fx_value path)
 {
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL,
-		path,
-	};
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {};
 
-	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join_list(
+		2,
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&path);
 	if (!abs_path) {
 		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
 	}
@@ -255,7 +254,7 @@ static fx_result create_directory_hierarchy(
 
 static fx_result directory_open(
 	struct fx_directory_p *root,
-	const fx_path *path,
+	fx_value path,
 	fx_directory_open_flags flags,
 	fx_directory **out)
 {
@@ -263,7 +262,10 @@ static fx_result directory_open(
 
 	int root_fd = root ? root->d_fd : AT_FDCWD;
 
-	const char *path_cstr = fx_path_ptr(path);
+	fx_stringstream *path_str = fx_stringstream_create();
+	fx_value_to_string(&path, path_str, NULL);
+	const char *path_cstr = fx_stringstream_get_cstr(path_str);
+
 	if (root) {
 		while (*path_cstr == '/') {
 			path_cstr++;
@@ -293,21 +295,22 @@ static fx_result directory_open(
 
 	fx_directory *dir = fx_object_create(FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY);
 	fx_path *cwd = NULL;
-	struct fx_directory_p *p = fx_object_get_private(
-		dir,
-		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY);
+	struct fx_directory_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(dir, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY);
 
 	if (!root) {
-		cwd = fx_path_create_cwd();
+		cwd = fx_path_get_system(FX_PATH_CWD);
 	}
 
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root ? root->d_path_abs : cwd,
-		path,
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : cwd),
+		&FX_CSTR(path_cstr),
 	};
 
-	fx_path *new_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *new_path
+		= fx_path_join_array(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
 	if (!new_path) {
+		fx_stringstream_unref(path_str);
 		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
 	}
 
@@ -316,7 +319,7 @@ static fx_result directory_open(
 	}
 
 	p->d_path_abs = new_path;
-	p->d_path_rel = fx_path_duplicate(path);
+	p->d_path_rel = fx_path_create_from_cstr(path_cstr);
 	p->d_fd = fd;
 
 	if (flags & FX_DIRECTORY_OPEN_DELETE_ON_CLOSE) {
@@ -324,6 +327,7 @@ static fx_result directory_open(
 	}
 
 	*out = dir;
+	fx_stringstream_unref(path_str);
 
 	return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
@@ -332,7 +336,7 @@ static fx_result directory_open(
 
 fx_result fx_directory_open(
 	fx_directory *root,
-	const fx_path *path,
+	fx_value path,
 	fx_directory_open_flags flags,
 	fx_directory **out)
 {
@@ -353,20 +357,17 @@ fx_result fx_directory_open_temp(fx_directory **out)
 	while (1) {
 		z__fx_io_generate_tmp_filename(name, sizeof name);
 		snprintf(path, sizeof path, "/tmp/%s", name);
-		fx_path *rpath = fx_path_create_from_cstr(path);
 
 		fx_directory *dir = NULL;
 		fx_result status = fx_directory_open(
 			FX_DIRECTORY_ROOT,
-			rpath,
+			FX_CSTR(path),
 			FX_DIRECTORY_OPEN_CREATE,
 			&dir);
-		struct fx_directory_p *p = fx_object_get_private(
-			dir,
-			FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY);
+		struct fx_directory_p *p
+			= fx_object_get_private(dir, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY);
 
 		if (fx_error_get_status_code(status) == FX_ERR_NAME_EXISTS) {
-			fx_path_unref(rpath);
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -374,8 +375,8 @@ fx_result fx_directory_open_temp(fx_directory **out)
 			p->d_flags |= DIRECTORY_DELETE_ON_CLOSE;
 		}
 
-		fx_path_unlink(rpath);
-		fx_path_unref(rpath);
+		*out = dir;
+		return status;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -410,16 +411,15 @@ const char *fx_directory_get_rel_path_cstr(const fx_directory *dir)
 
 fx_result fx_directory_delete(fx_directory *dir)
 {
-	struct fx_directory_p *p = fx_object_get_private(
-		dir,
-		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY);
+	struct fx_directory_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(dir, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY);
 	p->d_flags |= DIRECTORY_DELETE_ON_CLOSE;
 	/* TODO allow object release functions to return a fx_result value */
 	fx_directory_unref(dir);
 	return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-bool fx_directory_path_exists(const fx_directory *root, const fx_path *path)
+bool fx_directory_path_exists(const fx_directory *root, fx_value path)
 {
 	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
 		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY,
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ bool fx_directory_path_exists(const fx_directory *root, const fx_path *path)
 		path);
 }
 
-bool fx_directory_path_is_file(const fx_directory *root, const fx_path *path)
+bool fx_directory_path_is_file(const fx_directory *root, fx_value path)
 {
 	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
 		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY,
@@ -437,9 +437,7 @@ bool fx_directory_path_is_file(const fx_directory *root, const fx_path *path)
 		path);
 }
 
-bool fx_directory_path_is_directory(
-	const fx_directory *root,
-	const fx_path *path)
+bool fx_directory_path_is_directory(const fx_directory *root, fx_value path)
 {
 	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
 		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY,
@@ -450,7 +448,7 @@ bool fx_directory_path_is_directory(
 
 fx_result fx_directory_path_stat(
 	const fx_directory *root,
-	const fx_path *path,
+	fx_value path,
 	struct fx_file_info *out)
 {
 	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
@@ -461,9 +459,7 @@ fx_result fx_directory_path_stat(
 		out);
 }
 
-fx_result fx_directory_path_unlink(
-	const fx_directory *root,
-	const fx_path *path)
+fx_result fx_directory_path_unlink(const fx_directory *root, fx_value path)
 {
 	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
 		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY,
@@ -560,9 +556,8 @@ fx_iterator *fx_directory_begin(
 	enum fx_directory_iterator_flags flags)
 {
 	fx_iterator *it_obj = fx_object_create(FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
-	struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it = fx_object_get_private(
-		it_obj,
-		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
+	struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it
+		= fx_object_get_private(it_obj, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
 
 	it->flags = flags;
 	it->root = directory;
@@ -571,7 +566,7 @@ fx_iterator *fx_directory_begin(
 	int fts_flags = FTS_COMFOLLOW | FTS_NOCHDIR;
 
 	const char *path_list[] = {
-		fx_path_ptr(it->_p->d_path_abs),
+		fx_path_get_cstr(it->_p->d_path_abs),
 		NULL,
 	};
 
@@ -629,9 +624,8 @@ static const fx_iterator *iterator_begin(const fx_object *obj)
 
 static enum fx_status iterator_move_next(const fx_iterator *obj)
 {
-	struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it = fx_object_get_private(
-		obj,
-		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
+	struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it
+		= fx_object_get_private(obj, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
 	if (!it || !it->fts) {
 		return FX_ERR_NO_DATA;
 	}
@@ -679,12 +673,11 @@ static enum fx_status iterator_move_next(const fx_iterator *obj)
 
 static enum fx_status iterator_erase(fx_iterator *obj)
 {
-	struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it = fx_object_get_private(
-		obj,
-		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
+	struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it
+		= fx_object_get_private(obj, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
 	fx_result result = fx_directory_path_unlink(
 		it->root,
-		it->entry.filepath);
+		FX_VALUE_OBJECT(it->entry.filepath));
 	if (fx_result_is_error(result)) {
 		enum fx_status status = fx_error_get_status_code(result);
 		fx_error_discard(result);
@@ -696,9 +689,8 @@ static enum fx_status iterator_erase(fx_iterator *obj)
 
 static const fx_value *iterator_get_value(const fx_iterator *obj)
 {
-	struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it = fx_object_get_private(
-		obj,
-		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
+	struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it
+		= fx_object_get_private(obj, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
 
 	return &it->entry_value;
 }

fx.io/sys/apple/file.c

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200809L
+
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "posix.h"
 
@@ -84,13 +86,13 @@ static fx_result file_open_shadow(
 		= fx_path_create_from_cstr(fx_string_get_cstr(filename));
 	fx_string_unref(filename);
 
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		dir,
-		shadow_filename,
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(dir),
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(shadow_filename),
 	};
 
 	fx_path *shadow_filepath
-		= fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+		= fx_path_join_array(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
 	fx_path_unref(dir);
 	fx_path_unref(shadow_filename);
 
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ static fx_result file_open_shadow(
 	fx_file *shadow_file;
 	fx_result status = fx_file_open(
 		FX_DIRECTORY_ROOT,
-		shadow_filepath,
+		FX_VALUE_OBJECT(shadow_filepath),
 		mode,
 		&shadow_file);
 	fx_path_unref(shadow_filepath);
@@ -227,12 +229,14 @@ static enum fx_status file_swap_shadow(
 		z__fx_io_generate_tmp_filename(tmp_name, sizeof tmp_name);
 		fx_path *tmp_name_p = fx_path_create_from_cstr(tmp_name);
 
-		const fx_path *parts[] = {
-			dir_path,
-			tmp_name_p,
+		const fx_value *parts[] = {
+			&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(dir_path),
+			&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(tmp_name_p),
 		};
 
-		tmp_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+		tmp_path = fx_path_join_array(
+			parts,
+			sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
 
 		fx_path_unref(tmp_name_p);
 
@@ -248,11 +252,15 @@ static enum fx_status file_swap_shadow(
 
 	int err;
 
-	err = rename(fx_path_ptr(main_file->path), fx_path_ptr(tmp_path));
 	err = rename(
-		fx_path_ptr(shadow_file->path),
-		fx_path_ptr(main_file->path));
-	err = rename(fx_path_ptr(tmp_path), fx_path_ptr(shadow_file->path));
+		fx_path_get_cstr(main_file->path),
+		fx_path_get_cstr(tmp_path));
+	err = rename(
+		fx_path_get_cstr(shadow_file->path),
+		fx_path_get_cstr(main_file->path));
+	err = rename(
+		fx_path_get_cstr(tmp_path),
+		fx_path_get_cstr(shadow_file->path));
 
 	fx_path_unref(tmp_path);
 
@@ -406,11 +414,10 @@ static enum fx_status stream_tell(const fx_stream *stream, size_t *pos)
 
 fx_result fx_file_open(
 	fx_directory *root,
-	const fx_path *path,
+	fx_value path,
 	enum fx_file_mode mode,
 	fx_file **out)
 {
-	const fx_path *file_path = path;
 	unsigned int flags = fx_mode_to_unix_mode(mode);
 
 	if (flags == (unsigned int)-1) {
@@ -422,16 +429,12 @@ fx_result fx_file_open(
 	if (root) {
 		root_path = fx_directory_get_path(root);
 	} else {
-		root_path = fx_path_create_cwd();
+		root_path = fx_path_get_system(FX_PATH_CWD);
 		free_root_path = true;
 	}
 
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root_path,
-		file_path,
-	};
-
-	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *abs_path
+		= fx_path_join_list(2, &FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root_path), &path);
 
 	if (free_root_path) {
 		fx_path_unref((fx_path *)root_path);
@@ -441,7 +444,7 @@ fx_result fx_file_open(
 		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
 	}
 
-	int fd = open(fx_path_ptr(abs_path), flags, 0644);
+	int fd = open(fx_path_get_cstr(abs_path), flags, 0644);
 	if (fd == -1) {
 		fx_path_unref(abs_path);
 		return FX_RESULT_STATUS(
@@ -492,7 +495,7 @@ fx_result fx_file_open_temp(enum fx_file_mode mode, fx_file **out)
 
 		fx_result status = fx_file_open(
 			FX_DIRECTORY_ROOT,
-			rpath,
+			FX_VALUE_OBJECT(rpath),
 			mode | FX_FILE_CREATE_ONLY,
 			out);
 

fx.io/sys/apple/path.c

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 #include <fx/io/file.h>
 #include <fx/io/path.h>
 #include <fx/string.h>
-#include <fx/value.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
@@ -92,22 +91,22 @@ static bool path_is_directory(const struct fx_path_p *path)
 	return (info.attrib & FX_FILE_ATTRIB_DIRECTORY) != 0;
 }
 
-static void append_path(struct fx_path_p *dest, const struct fx_path_p *src)
+static void append_path(struct fx_path_p *dest, const fx_string *src)
 {
-	if (path_is_absolute(src)) {
+	const char *src_cstr = fx_string_get_cstr(src);
+	if (src_cstr[0] == '/') {
 		fx_string_clear(dest->p_pathstr);
-		fx_string_append_s(dest->p_pathstr, src->p_pathstr);
+		fx_string_append_s(dest->p_pathstr, src);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	if (fx_string_get_size(dest->p_pathstr, FX_STRLEN_NORMAL) > 0
 	    && fx_string_get_last_char(dest->p_pathstr) != '/'
-	    && fx_string_get_first_char(src->p_pathstr) != '/') {
-		char s[] = {'/', 0};
-		fx_string_append_cstr(dest->p_pathstr, s);
+	    && fx_string_get_first_char(src) != '/') {
+		fx_string_append_c(dest->p_pathstr, '/');
 	}
 
-	fx_string_append_s(dest->p_pathstr, src->p_pathstr);
+	fx_string_append_s(dest->p_pathstr, src);
 }
 
 static enum fx_status path_unlink(const struct fx_path_p *path)
@@ -135,8 +134,8 @@ static enum fx_status path_get_directory(
 	size_t dir_path_len = (size_t)(sep - path_cstr);
 	fx_string *dir_path_s = fx_string_get_substr(path_str, 0, dir_path_len);
 
-	fx_path *dir_path = fx_path_create_from_cstr(
-		fx_string_get_cstr(dir_path_s));
+	fx_path *dir_path
+		= fx_path_create_from_cstr(fx_string_get_cstr(dir_path_s));
 	fx_string_unref(dir_path_s);
 
 	*out_dir_path = dir_path;
@@ -200,33 +199,6 @@ fx_path *fx_path_create_root()
 	return path;
 }
 
-fx_path *fx_path_create_cwd()
-{
-	const long buf_len = 2048;
-	char *buf = malloc(buf_len);
-	if (!buf) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	if (!getcwd(buf, buf_len)) {
-		free(buf);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	fx_path *path = fx_path_create();
-	if (!path) {
-		free(buf);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	struct fx_path_p *p = fx_object_get_private(path, FX_TYPE_PATH);
-
-	fx_string_append_cstr(p->p_pathstr, buf);
-	free(buf);
-
-	return path;
-}
-
 fx_path *fx_path_create_from_cstr(const char *cstr)
 {
 	fx_path *path = fx_path_create();
@@ -259,6 +231,49 @@ fx_path *fx_path_create_from_cstr(const char *cstr)
 	return path;
 }
 
+fx_path *fx_path_get_system(fx_system_path path_type)
+{
+	char path_buf[4096];
+	const char *path_value = NULL, *default_value = NULL;
+	switch (path_type) {
+	case FX_PATH_ROOT:
+		path_value = "/";
+		break;
+	case FX_PATH_CWD:
+		if (getcwd(path_buf, sizeof path_buf) == NULL) {
+			path_value = path_buf;
+		}
+		break;
+	case FX_PATH_HOME:
+		path_value = getenv("HOME");
+		default_value = "~";
+		break;
+	case FX_PATH_CONFIG: {
+		const char *home = getenv("HOME");
+		path_value = getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME");
+		snprintf(
+			path_buf,
+			sizeof path_buf,
+			"%s/.config",
+			home ? home : "~");
+		default_value = path_buf;
+		break;
+	}
+	default:
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (path_value) {
+		return fx_path_create_from_cstr(path_value);
+	}
+
+	if (default_value) {
+		return fx_path_create_from_cstr(default_value);
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 fx_path *fx_path_duplicate(const fx_path *path)
 {
 	fx_path *new_path = fx_path_create();
@@ -278,26 +293,63 @@ fx_path *fx_path_duplicate(const fx_path *path)
 	return new_path;
 }
 
-fx_path *fx_path_join(const fx_path *paths[], size_t nr_paths)
+fx_path *fx_path_join_array(const fx_value *values[], size_t nr_values)
 {
 	fx_path *result = fx_path_create();
 	if (!result) {
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	struct fx_path_p *result_p = fx_object_get_private(
-		result,
-		FX_TYPE_PATH);
+	struct fx_path_p *result_p
+		= fx_object_get_private(result, FX_TYPE_PATH);
 
-	for (size_t i = 0; i < nr_paths; i++) {
-		if (paths[i]) {
-			struct fx_path_p *path_p = fx_object_get_private(
-				paths[i],
-				FX_TYPE_PATH);
-			append_path(result_p, path_p);
+	fx_stringstream *tmp = fx_stringstream_create();
+	fx_string *value_s = fx_string_create();
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < nr_values; i++) {
+		if (!values[i]) {
+			continue;
 		}
+
+		fx_stringstream_reset(tmp);
+		fx_value_to_string(values[i], tmp, NULL);
+
+		fx_string_clear(value_s);
+		fx_string_append_cstr(value_s, fx_stringstream_get_cstr(tmp));
+		append_path(result_p, value_s);
 	}
 
+	fx_string_unref(value_s);
+	fx_stringstream_unref(tmp);
+	return result;
+}
+
+fx_path *fx_path_join_list(size_t count, ...)
+{
+	fx_path *result = fx_path_create();
+	if (!result) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	struct fx_path_p *result_p
+		= fx_object_get_private(result, FX_TYPE_PATH);
+	va_list arg;
+	va_start(arg, count);
+
+	fx_stringstream *tmp = fx_stringstream_create();
+	fx_string *value_s = fx_string_create();
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+		const fx_value *value = va_arg(arg, const fx_value *);
+
+		fx_stringstream_reset(tmp);
+		fx_value_to_string(value, tmp, NULL);
+
+		fx_string_clear(value_s);
+		fx_string_append_cstr(value_s, fx_stringstream_get_cstr(tmp));
+		append_path(result_p, value_s);
+	}
+
+	fx_string_unref(value_s);
+	fx_stringstream_unref(tmp);
 	return result;
 }
 
@@ -366,7 +418,7 @@ enum fx_status fx_path_get_filename(const fx_path *path, fx_string *out_name)
 		out_name);
 }
 
-const char *fx_path_ptr(const fx_path *path)
+const char *fx_path_get_cstr(const fx_path *path)
 {
 	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_PATH, path_ptr, path);
 }
@@ -388,7 +440,7 @@ static void path_init(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
 	}
 }
 
-static void path_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+void path_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
 {
 	struct fx_path_p *path = priv;
 
@@ -400,12 +452,13 @@ static fx_status path_to_string(
 	fx_stream *out,
 	const char *format)
 {
-	struct fx_path_p *path = fx_object_get_private(
-		obj->v_object,
-		FX_TYPE_PATH);
+	struct fx_path_p *path
+		= fx_object_get_private(obj->v_object, FX_TYPE_PATH);
 
-	fx_stream_write_cstr(out, fx_string_get_cstr(path->p_pathstr), NULL);
-	return FX_SUCCESS;
+	return fx_stream_write_cstr(
+		out,
+		fx_string_get_cstr(path->p_pathstr),
+		NULL);
 }
 
 /*** CLASS DEFINITION *********************************************************/

fx.io/sys/apple/pipe.c

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include "posix.h"
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fx/io/stream.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+fx_status fx_pipe_create(fx_iostream **reader, fx_iostream **writer)
+{
+	int fds[2];
+	int err = pipe(fds);
+	if (err != 0) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+	}
+
+	fx_iostream *r = fx_iostream_create(FX_STREAM_READ, fds[0], true);
+	fx_iostream *w = fx_iostream_create(FX_STREAM_WRITE, fds[1], true);
+
+	if (!r || !w) {
+		fx_iostream_unref(r);
+		fx_iostream_unref(w);
+		close(fds[0]);
+		close(fds[1]);
+		return FX_ERR_NO_MEMORY;
+	}
+
+	*reader = r;
+	*writer = w;
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}

fx.io/sys/apple/stream.c

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+#include "posix.h"
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fx/io/stream.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+/*** PRIVATE DATA *************************************************************/
+
+struct fx_iostream_p {
+	int s_fd;
+	bool s_fd_close_on_release;
+};
+
+/*** PRIVATE FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static uptr iostream_get_os_handle(const struct fx_iostream_p *stream)
+{
+	return stream->s_fd;
+}
+
+static uptr iostream_steal_os_handle(struct fx_iostream_p *stream)
+{
+	uptr out = stream->s_fd;
+	stream->s_fd = -1;
+	stream->s_fd_close_on_release = false;
+	return out;
+}
+
+/*** PUBLIC FUNCTIONS *********************************************************/
+
+fx_iostream *fx_iostream_create(
+	fx_stream_mode mode,
+	uptr os_handle,
+	bool close_handle_on_release)
+{
+	fx_iostream *s = fx_object_create(FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM);
+	if (!s) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	fx_stream_cfg *cfg = fx_object_get_protected(s, FX_TYPE_STREAM);
+	struct fx_iostream_p *p = fx_object_get_private(s, FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM);
+
+	cfg->s_mode = mode | Z__FX_STREAM_STATIC;
+	p->s_fd = (int)os_handle;
+	p->s_fd_close_on_release = close_handle_on_release;
+
+	return s;
+}
+
+uptr fx_iostream_get_os_handle(const fx_iostream *stream)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM,
+		iostream_get_os_handle,
+		stream);
+}
+
+uptr fx_iostream_steal_os_handle(fx_iostream *stream)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM,
+		iostream_steal_os_handle,
+		stream);
+}
+
+/*** VIRTUAL FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static void iostream_init(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_iostream_p *stream = priv;
+}
+
+static void iostream_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_iostream_p *stream = priv;
+
+	if (stream->s_fd_close_on_release) {
+		close(stream->s_fd);
+	}
+}
+
+enum fx_status stream_read(
+	fx_stream *stream,
+	void *buf,
+	size_t count,
+	size_t *nr_read)
+{
+	struct fx_iostream_p *s
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM);
+
+	long r = read(s->s_fd, buf, count);
+	if (r < 0) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	*nr_read = r;
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+enum fx_status stream_write(
+	fx_stream *stream,
+	const void *buf,
+	size_t count,
+	size_t *nr_written)
+{
+	struct fx_iostream_p *s
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM);
+
+	long w = write(s->s_fd, buf, count);
+	if (w < 0) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	*nr_written = w;
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/*** CLASS DEFINITION *********************************************************/
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_BEGIN(fx_iostream)
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(to_string) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_stream, FX_TYPE_STREAM)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_close) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_seek) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_tell) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_getc) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_read) = stream_read;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_write) = stream_write;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_reserve) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_stream, FX_TYPE_STREAM)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_END(fx_iostream)
+
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_BEGIN(fx_iostream)
+	FX_TYPE_ID(0xc0b1c3c9, 0xa9c6, 0x4910, 0x8786, 0x574b0696e7aa);
+	FX_TYPE_NAME("fx.io.stream");
+	FX_TYPE_EXTENDS(FX_TYPE_STREAM);
+	FX_TYPE_CLASS(fx_iostream_class);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_PRIVATE(struct fx_iostream_p);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_INIT(iostream_init);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_FINI(iostream_fini);
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_iostream)

fx.io/sys/linux/directory.c

@@ -53,12 +53,12 @@ static const fx_path *directory_get_rel_path(const struct fx_directory_p *dir)
 
 static const char *directory_get_path_cstr(const struct fx_directory_p *dir)
 {
-	return fx_path_ptr(dir->d_path_abs);
+	return fx_path_get_cstr(dir->d_path_abs);
 }
 
 static const char *directory_get_rel_path_cstr(const struct fx_directory_p *dir)
 {
-	return fx_path_ptr(dir->d_path_rel);
+	return fx_path_get_cstr(dir->d_path_rel);
 }
 
 static fx_result directory_delete(
@@ -90,12 +90,13 @@ static bool directory_path_exists(
 	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
 	const fx_path *path)
 {
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL,
-		path,
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(path),
 	};
 
-	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *abs_path
+		= fx_path_join_array(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
 	if (!abs_path) {
 		return false;
 	}
@@ -110,12 +111,13 @@ static bool directory_path_is_file(
 	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
 	const fx_path *path)
 {
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL,
-		path,
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(path),
 	};
 
-	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *abs_path
+		= fx_path_join_array(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
 	if (!abs_path) {
 		return false;
 	}
@@ -130,12 +132,13 @@ static bool directory_path_is_directory(
 	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
 	const fx_path *path)
 {
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL,
-		path,
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(path),
 	};
 
-	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *abs_path
+		= fx_path_join_array(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
 	if (!abs_path) {
 		return false;
 	}
@@ -151,12 +154,13 @@ static fx_result directory_path_stat(
 	const fx_path *path,
 	struct fx_file_info *out)
 {
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL,
-		path,
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(path),
 	};
 
-	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *abs_path
+		= fx_path_join_array(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
 	if (!abs_path) {
 		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
 	}
@@ -171,12 +175,13 @@ static fx_result directory_path_unlink(
 	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
 	const fx_path *path)
 {
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL,
-		path,
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(path),
 	};
 
-	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *abs_path
+		= fx_path_join_array(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
 	if (!abs_path) {
 		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
 	}
@@ -264,7 +269,7 @@ static fx_result directory_open(
 
 	int root_fd = root ? root->d_fd : AT_FDCWD;
 
-	const char *path_cstr = fx_path_ptr(path);
+	const char *path_cstr = fx_path_get_cstr(path);
 	if (root) {
 		while (*path_cstr == '/') {
 			path_cstr++;
@@ -298,15 +303,16 @@ static fx_result directory_open(
 		= fx_object_get_private(dir, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY);
 
 	if (!root) {
-		cwd = fx_path_create_cwd();
+		cwd = fx_path_get_system(FX_PATH_CWD);
 	}
 
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root ? root->d_path_abs : cwd,
-		path,
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : cwd),
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(path),
 	};
 
-	fx_path *new_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *new_path
+		= fx_path_join_array(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
 	if (!new_path) {
 		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
 	}
@@ -570,7 +576,7 @@ fx_iterator *fx_directory_begin(
 	int fts_flags = FTS_COMFOLLOW | FTS_NOCHDIR;
 
 	const char *path_list[] = {
-		fx_path_ptr(it->_p->d_path_abs),
+		fx_path_get_cstr(it->_p->d_path_abs),
 		NULL,
 	};
 

fx.io/sys/linux/file.c

@@ -86,13 +86,13 @@ static fx_result file_open_shadow(
 		= fx_path_create_from_cstr(fx_string_get_cstr(filename));
 	fx_string_unref(filename);
 
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		dir,
-		shadow_filename,
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(dir),
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(shadow_filename),
 	};
 
 	fx_path *shadow_filepath
-		= fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+		= fx_path_join_array(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
 	fx_path_unref(dir);
 	fx_path_unref(shadow_filename);
 
@@ -229,12 +229,14 @@ static enum fx_status file_swap_shadow(
 		z__fx_io_generate_tmp_filename(tmp_name, sizeof tmp_name);
 		fx_path *tmp_name_p = fx_path_create_from_cstr(tmp_name);
 
-		const fx_path *parts[] = {
-			dir_path,
-			tmp_name_p,
+		const fx_value *parts[] = {
+			&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(dir_path),
+			&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(tmp_name_p),
 		};
 
-		tmp_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+		tmp_path = fx_path_join_array(
+			parts,
+			sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
 
 		fx_path_unref(tmp_name_p);
 
@@ -250,11 +252,15 @@ static enum fx_status file_swap_shadow(
 
 	int err;
 
-	err = rename(fx_path_ptr(main_file->path), fx_path_ptr(tmp_path));
 	err = rename(
-		fx_path_ptr(shadow_file->path),
-		fx_path_ptr(main_file->path));
-	err = rename(fx_path_ptr(tmp_path), fx_path_ptr(shadow_file->path));
+		fx_path_get_cstr(main_file->path),
+		fx_path_get_cstr(tmp_path));
+	err = rename(
+		fx_path_get_cstr(shadow_file->path),
+		fx_path_get_cstr(main_file->path));
+	err = rename(
+		fx_path_get_cstr(tmp_path),
+		fx_path_get_cstr(shadow_file->path));
 
 	fx_path_unref(tmp_path);
 
@@ -424,16 +430,17 @@ fx_result fx_file_open(
 	if (root) {
 		root_path = fx_directory_get_path(root);
 	} else {
-		root_path = fx_path_create_cwd();
+		root_path = fx_path_get_system(FX_PATH_CWD);
 		free_root_path = true;
 	}
 
-	const fx_path *parts[] = {
-		root_path,
-		file_path,
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root_path),
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(file_path),
 	};
 
-	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path *abs_path
+		= fx_path_join_array(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
 
 	if (free_root_path) {
 		fx_path_unref((fx_path *)root_path);
@@ -443,7 +450,7 @@ fx_result fx_file_open(
 		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
 	}
 
-	int fd = open(fx_path_ptr(abs_path), flags, 0644);
+	int fd = open(fx_path_get_cstr(abs_path), flags, 0644);
 	if (fd == -1) {
 		fx_path_unref(abs_path);
 		return FX_RESULT_STATUS(

fx.io/sys/linux/path.c

@@ -91,22 +91,22 @@ static bool path_is_directory(const struct fx_path_p *path)
 	return (info.attrib & FX_FILE_ATTRIB_DIRECTORY) != 0;
 }
 
-static void append_path(struct fx_path_p *dest, const struct fx_path_p *src)
+static void append_path(struct fx_path_p *dest, const fx_string *src)
 {
-	if (path_is_absolute(src)) {
+	const char *src_cstr = fx_string_get_cstr(src);
+	if (src_cstr[0] == '/') {
 		fx_string_clear(dest->p_pathstr);
-		fx_string_append_s(dest->p_pathstr, src->p_pathstr);
+		fx_string_append_s(dest->p_pathstr, src);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	if (fx_string_get_size(dest->p_pathstr, FX_STRLEN_NORMAL) > 0
 	    && fx_string_get_last_char(dest->p_pathstr) != '/'
-	    && fx_string_get_first_char(src->p_pathstr) != '/') {
-		char s[] = {'/', 0};
-		fx_string_append_cstr(dest->p_pathstr, s);
+	    && fx_string_get_first_char(src) != '/') {
+		fx_string_append_c(dest->p_pathstr, '/');
 	}
 
-	fx_string_append_s(dest->p_pathstr, src->p_pathstr);
+	fx_string_append_s(dest->p_pathstr, src);
 }
 
 static enum fx_status path_unlink(const struct fx_path_p *path)
@@ -199,33 +199,6 @@ fx_path *fx_path_create_root()
 	return path;
 }
 
-fx_path *fx_path_create_cwd()
-{
-	const long buf_len = 2048;
-	char *buf = malloc(buf_len);
-	if (!buf) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	if (!getcwd(buf, buf_len)) {
-		free(buf);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	fx_path *path = fx_path_create();
-	if (!path) {
-		free(buf);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	struct fx_path_p *p = fx_object_get_private(path, FX_TYPE_PATH);
-
-	fx_string_append_cstr(p->p_pathstr, buf);
-	free(buf);
-
-	return path;
-}
-
 fx_path *fx_path_create_from_cstr(const char *cstr)
 {
 	fx_path *path = fx_path_create();
@@ -258,6 +231,49 @@ fx_path *fx_path_create_from_cstr(const char *cstr)
 	return path;
 }
 
+fx_path *fx_path_get_system(fx_system_path path_type)
+{
+	char path_buf[4096];
+	const char *path_value = NULL, *default_value = NULL;
+	switch (path_type) {
+	case FX_PATH_ROOT:
+		path_value = "/";
+		break;
+	case FX_PATH_CWD:
+		if (getcwd(path_buf, sizeof path_buf) == NULL) {
+			path_value = path_buf;
+		}
+		break;
+	case FX_PATH_HOME:
+		path_value = getenv("HOME");
+		default_value = "~";
+		break;
+	case FX_PATH_CONFIG: {
+		const char *home = getenv("HOME");
+		path_value = getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME");
+		snprintf(
+			path_buf,
+			sizeof path_buf,
+			"%s/.config",
+			home ? home : "~");
+		default_value = path_buf;
+		break;
+	}
+	default:
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (path_value) {
+		return fx_path_create_from_cstr(path_value);
+	}
+
+	if (default_value) {
+		return fx_path_create_from_cstr(default_value);
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 fx_path *fx_path_duplicate(const fx_path *path)
 {
 	fx_path *new_path = fx_path_create();
@@ -277,7 +293,7 @@ fx_path *fx_path_duplicate(const fx_path *path)
 	return new_path;
 }
 
-fx_path *fx_path_join(const fx_path *paths[], size_t nr_paths)
+fx_path *fx_path_join_array(const fx_value *values[], size_t nr_values)
 {
 	fx_path *result = fx_path_create();
 	if (!result) {
@@ -287,14 +303,53 @@ fx_path *fx_path_join(const fx_path *paths[], size_t nr_paths)
 	struct fx_path_p *result_p
 		= fx_object_get_private(result, FX_TYPE_PATH);
 
-	for (size_t i = 0; i < nr_paths; i++) {
-		if (paths[i]) {
-			struct fx_path_p *path_p
-				= fx_object_get_private(paths[i], FX_TYPE_PATH);
-			append_path(result_p, path_p);
+	fx_stringstream *tmp = fx_stringstream_create();
+	fx_string *value_s = fx_string_create();
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < nr_values; i++) {
+		if (!values[i]) {
+			continue;
 		}
+
+		fx_stringstream_reset(tmp);
+		fx_value_to_string(values[i], tmp, NULL);
+
+		fx_string_clear(value_s);
+		fx_string_append_cstr(value_s, fx_stringstream_get_cstr(tmp));
+		append_path(result_p, value_s);
 	}
 
+	fx_string_unref(value_s);
+	fx_stringstream_unref(tmp);
+	return result;
+}
+
+fx_path *fx_path_join_list(size_t count, ...)
+{
+	fx_path *result = fx_path_create();
+	if (!result) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	struct fx_path_p *result_p
+		= fx_object_get_private(result, FX_TYPE_PATH);
+	va_list arg;
+	va_start(arg, count);
+
+	fx_stringstream *tmp = fx_stringstream_create();
+	fx_string *value_s = fx_string_create();
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+		const fx_value *value = va_arg(arg, const fx_value *);
+
+		fx_stringstream_reset(tmp);
+		fx_value_to_string(value, tmp, NULL);
+
+		fx_string_clear(value_s);
+		fx_string_append_cstr(value_s, fx_stringstream_get_cstr(tmp));
+		append_path(result_p, value_s);
+	}
+
+	fx_string_unref(value_s);
+	fx_stringstream_unref(tmp);
 	return result;
 }
 
@@ -363,7 +418,7 @@ enum fx_status fx_path_get_filename(const fx_path *path, fx_string *out_name)
 		out_name);
 }
 
-const char *fx_path_ptr(const fx_path *path)
+const char *fx_path_get_cstr(const fx_path *path)
 {
 	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_PATH, path_ptr, path);
 }

fx.io/sys/linux/pipe.c

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include "posix.h"
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fx/io/stream.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+fx_status fx_pipe_create(fx_iostream **reader, fx_iostream **writer)
+{
+	int fds[2];
+	int err = pipe(fds);
+	if (err != 0) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+	}
+
+	fx_iostream *r = fx_iostream_create(FX_STREAM_READ, fds[0], true);
+	fx_iostream *w = fx_iostream_create(FX_STREAM_WRITE, fds[1], true);
+
+	if (!r || !w) {
+		fx_iostream_unref(r);
+		fx_iostream_unref(w);
+		close(fds[0]);
+		close(fds[1]);
+		return FX_ERR_NO_MEMORY;
+	}
+
+	*reader = r;
+	*writer = w;
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}

fx.io/sys/linux/stream.c

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+#include "posix.h"
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fx/io/stream.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+/*** PRIVATE DATA *************************************************************/
+
+struct fx_iostream_p {
+	int s_fd;
+	bool s_fd_close_on_release;
+};
+
+/*** PRIVATE FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static uptr iostream_get_os_handle(const struct fx_iostream_p *stream)
+{
+	return stream->s_fd;
+}
+
+static uptr iostream_steal_os_handle(struct fx_iostream_p *stream)
+{
+	uptr out = stream->s_fd;
+	stream->s_fd = -1;
+	stream->s_fd_close_on_release = false;
+	return out;
+}
+
+/*** PUBLIC FUNCTIONS *********************************************************/
+
+fx_iostream *fx_iostream_create(
+	fx_stream_mode mode,
+	uptr os_handle,
+	bool close_handle_on_release)
+{
+	fx_iostream *s = fx_object_create(FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM);
+	if (!s) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	fx_stream_cfg *cfg = fx_object_get_protected(s, FX_TYPE_STREAM);
+	struct fx_iostream_p *p = fx_object_get_private(s, FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM);
+
+	cfg->s_mode = mode | Z__FX_STREAM_STATIC;
+	p->s_fd = (int)os_handle;
+	p->s_fd_close_on_release = close_handle_on_release;
+
+	return s;
+}
+
+uptr fx_iostream_get_os_handle(const fx_iostream *stream)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM,
+		iostream_get_os_handle,
+		stream);
+}
+
+uptr fx_iostream_steal_os_handle(fx_iostream *stream)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM,
+		iostream_steal_os_handle,
+		stream);
+}
+
+/*** VIRTUAL FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static void iostream_init(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_iostream_p *stream = priv;
+}
+
+static void iostream_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_iostream_p *stream = priv;
+
+	if (stream->s_fd_close_on_release) {
+		close(stream->s_fd);
+	}
+}
+
+static enum fx_status stream_read(
+	fx_stream *stream,
+	void *buf,
+	size_t count,
+	size_t *nr_read)
+{
+	struct fx_iostream_p *s
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM);
+
+	long r = read(s->s_fd, buf, count);
+	if (r < 0) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	*nr_read = r;
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status stream_write(
+	fx_stream *stream,
+	const void *buf,
+	size_t count,
+	size_t *nr_written)
+{
+	struct fx_iostream_p *s
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM);
+
+	long w = write(s->s_fd, buf, count);
+	if (w < 0) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	*nr_written = w;
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/*** CLASS DEFINITION *********************************************************/
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_BEGIN(fx_iostream)
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(to_string) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_stream, FX_TYPE_STREAM)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_close) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_seek) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_tell) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_getc) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_read) = stream_read;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_write) = stream_write;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_reserve) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_stream, FX_TYPE_STREAM)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_END(fx_iostream)
+
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_BEGIN(fx_iostream)
+	FX_TYPE_ID(0xc0b1c3c9, 0xa9c6, 0x4910, 0x8786, 0x574b0696e7aa);
+	FX_TYPE_NAME("fx.io.stream");
+	FX_TYPE_EXTENDS(FX_TYPE_STREAM);
+	FX_TYPE_CLASS(fx_iostream_class);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_PRIVATE(struct fx_iostream_p);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_INIT(iostream_init);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_FINI(iostream_fini);
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_iostream)

fx.io/sys/rosetta/directory.c

@@ -0,0 +1,759 @@
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200809L
+
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "posix.h"
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <fx/error.h>
+#include <fx/io/directory.h>
+#include <fx/string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+/*** PRIVATE DATA *************************************************************/
+
+enum directory_flags {
+	DIRECTORY_DELETE_ON_CLOSE = 0x01u,
+};
+
+struct fx_directory_p {
+	enum directory_flags d_flags;
+	int d_fd;
+	fx_path *d_path_rel;
+	fx_path *d_path_abs;
+};
+
+struct fx_directory_iterator_p {
+	struct fx_directory_p *_p;
+
+#if 0
+	FTS *fts;
+	FTSENT *ent;
+#endif
+
+	fx_directory_iterator_flags flags;
+	fx_directory *root;
+
+	fx_directory_entry entry;
+	fx_value entry_value;
+};
+
+/*** PRIVATE FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+static const fx_path *directory_get_path(const struct fx_directory_p *dir)
+{
+	return dir->d_path_abs;
+}
+
+static const fx_path *directory_get_rel_path(const struct fx_directory_p *dir)
+{
+	return dir->d_path_rel;
+}
+
+static const char *directory_get_path_cstr(const struct fx_directory_p *dir)
+{
+	return fx_path_get_cstr(dir->d_path_abs);
+}
+
+static const char *directory_get_rel_path_cstr(const struct fx_directory_p *dir)
+{
+	return fx_path_get_cstr(dir->d_path_rel);
+}
+
+static fx_result directory_delete(
+	fx_directory *dir,
+	struct fx_directory_p *dir_p)
+{
+	enum fx_status status = FX_SUCCESS;
+
+	fx_iterator *it
+		= fx_directory_begin(dir, FX_DIRECTORY_ITERATE_PARENT_LAST);
+	while (FX_OK(fx_iterator_get_status(it))) {
+		fx_iterator_erase(it);
+	}
+
+	status = fx_iterator_get_status(it);
+	if (!FX_OK(status) && status != FX_ERR_NO_DATA) {
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS(status);
+	}
+
+	status = fx_path_unlink(dir_p->d_path_abs);
+	if (!FX_OK(status)) {
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS(status);
+	}
+
+	return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static bool directory_path_exists(
+	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
+	fx_value path)
+{
+	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join_list(
+		2,
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&path);
+	if (!abs_path) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	bool result = fx_path_exists(abs_path);
+	fx_path_unref(abs_path);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static bool directory_path_is_file(
+	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
+	fx_value path)
+{
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {};
+
+	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join_list(
+		2,
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&path);
+	if (!abs_path) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	bool result = fx_path_is_file(abs_path);
+	fx_path_unref(abs_path);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static bool directory_path_is_directory(
+	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
+	fx_value path)
+{
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {};
+
+	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join_list(
+		2,
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&path);
+	if (!abs_path) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	bool result = fx_path_is_directory(abs_path);
+	fx_path_unref(abs_path);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static fx_result directory_path_stat(
+	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
+	fx_value path,
+	struct fx_file_info *out)
+{
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {};
+
+	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join_list(
+		2,
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&path);
+	if (!abs_path) {
+		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
+	}
+
+	enum fx_status status = fx_path_stat(abs_path, out);
+	fx_path_unref(abs_path);
+
+	return FX_RESULT_STATUS(status);
+}
+
+static fx_result directory_path_unlink(
+	const struct fx_directory_p *root,
+	fx_value path)
+{
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {};
+
+	fx_path *abs_path = fx_path_join_list(
+		2,
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : NULL),
+		&path);
+	if (!abs_path) {
+		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
+	}
+
+	enum fx_status status = fx_path_unlink(abs_path);
+	fx_path_unref(abs_path);
+
+	return FX_RESULT_STATUS(status);
+}
+
+static fx_result create_directory(struct fx_directory_p *root, const char *path)
+{
+#if 0
+	int root_fd = root ? root->d_fd : -1;
+	int err;
+
+	if (root_fd == -1) {
+		err = mkdir(path, 0755);
+	} else {
+		err = mkdirat(root_fd, path, 0755);
+	}
+
+	if (err == 0 || errno == EEXIST) {
+		return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	return fx_result_from_errno_with_subfilepath(
+		errno,
+		path,
+		directory_get_rel_path_cstr(root),
+		FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+#endif
+	return FX_RESULT_ERR(NOT_SUPPORTED);
+}
+
+static fx_result create_directory_hierarchy(
+	struct fx_directory_p *root,
+	const char *path)
+{
+#if 0
+	int root_fd = root ? root->d_fd : AT_FDCWD;
+
+	char *path_buf = fx_strdup(path);
+	if (!path_buf) {
+		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
+	}
+
+	fx_result result = FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+	for (size_t i = 0; path_buf[i]; i++) {
+		if (path_buf[i] != '/') {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		path_buf[i] = 0;
+
+		int err = mkdirat(root_fd, path_buf, 0755);
+		if (err != 0 && errno != EEXIST) {
+			result = fx_result_from_errno_with_subfilepath(
+				errno,
+				path_buf,
+				directory_get_rel_path_cstr(root),
+				FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		path_buf[i] = '/';
+	}
+
+	int err = mkdirat(root_fd, path_buf, 0755);
+	if (err != 0 && errno != EEXIST) {
+		result = fx_result_from_errno_with_subfilepath(
+			errno,
+			path_buf,
+			directory_get_rel_path_cstr(root),
+			FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	free(path_buf);
+	return result;
+#endif
+	return FX_RESULT_ERR(NOT_SUPPORTED);
+}
+
+static fx_result directory_open(
+	struct fx_directory_p *root,
+	fx_value path,
+	fx_directory_open_flags flags,
+	fx_directory **out)
+{
+#if 0
+	enum fx_status status = FX_SUCCESS;
+
+	int root_fd = root ? root->d_fd : AT_FDCWD;
+
+	fx_stringstream *path_str = fx_stringstream_create();
+	fx_value_to_string(&path, path_str, NULL);
+	const char *path_cstr = fx_stringstream_get_cstr(path_str);
+
+	if (root) {
+		while (*path_cstr == '/') {
+			path_cstr++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	fx_result result = FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+	if ((flags & FX_DIRECTORY_OPEN_CREATE_INTERMEDIATE)
+	    == FX_DIRECTORY_OPEN_CREATE_INTERMEDIATE) {
+		result = create_directory_hierarchy(root, path_cstr);
+	} else if (
+		(flags & FX_DIRECTORY_OPEN_CREATE)
+		== FX_DIRECTORY_OPEN_CREATE) {
+		result = create_directory(root, path_cstr);
+	}
+
+	if (fx_result_is_error(result)) {
+		return fx_result_propagate(result);
+	}
+
+	int fd = openat(root_fd, path_cstr, O_DIRECTORY);
+
+	if (fd == -1) {
+		status = fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS(status);
+	}
+
+	fx_directory *dir = fx_object_create(FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY);
+	fx_path *cwd = NULL;
+	struct fx_directory_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(dir, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY);
+
+	if (!root) {
+		cwd = fx_path_get_system(FX_PATH_CWD);
+	}
+
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root ? root->d_path_abs : cwd),
+		&FX_CSTR(path_cstr),
+	};
+
+	fx_path *new_path
+		= fx_path_join_array(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	if (!new_path) {
+		fx_stringstream_unref(path_str);
+		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
+	}
+
+	if (cwd) {
+		fx_path_unref(cwd);
+	}
+
+	p->d_path_abs = new_path;
+	p->d_path_rel = fx_path_create_from_cstr(path_cstr);
+	p->d_fd = fd;
+
+	if (flags & FX_DIRECTORY_OPEN_DELETE_ON_CLOSE) {
+		p->d_flags = DIRECTORY_DELETE_ON_CLOSE;
+	}
+
+	*out = dir;
+	fx_stringstream_unref(path_str);
+
+	return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+#endif
+	return FX_RESULT_ERR(NOT_SUPPORTED);
+}
+
+/*** PUBLIC FUNCTIONS *********************************************************/
+
+fx_result fx_directory_open(
+	fx_directory *root,
+	fx_value path,
+	fx_directory_open_flags flags,
+	fx_directory **out)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
+		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY,
+		directory_open,
+		root,
+		path,
+		flags,
+		out);
+}
+
+fx_result fx_directory_open_temp(fx_directory **out)
+{
+	char name[16];
+	char path[128];
+
+	while (1) {
+		z__fx_io_generate_tmp_filename(name, sizeof name);
+		snprintf(path, sizeof path, "/tmp/%s", name);
+
+		fx_directory *dir = NULL;
+		fx_result status = fx_directory_open(
+			FX_DIRECTORY_ROOT,
+			FX_CSTR(path),
+			FX_DIRECTORY_OPEN_CREATE,
+			&dir);
+		struct fx_directory_p *p
+			= fx_object_get_private(dir, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY);
+
+		if (fx_error_get_status_code(status) == FX_ERR_NAME_EXISTS) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (dir) {
+			p->d_flags |= DIRECTORY_DELETE_ON_CLOSE;
+		}
+
+		*out = dir;
+		return status;
+	}
+}
+
+const fx_path *fx_directory_get_path(const fx_directory *dir)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY, directory_get_path, dir);
+}
+
+const fx_path *fx_directory_get_rel_path(const fx_directory *dir)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY,
+		directory_get_rel_path,
+		dir);
+}
+
+const char *fx_directory_get_path_cstr(const fx_directory *dir)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY,
+		directory_get_path_cstr,
+		dir);
+}
+
+const char *fx_directory_get_rel_path_cstr(const fx_directory *dir)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY,
+		directory_get_rel_path_cstr,
+		dir);
+}
+
+fx_result fx_directory_delete(fx_directory *dir)
+{
+	struct fx_directory_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(dir, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY);
+	p->d_flags |= DIRECTORY_DELETE_ON_CLOSE;
+	/* TODO allow object release functions to return a fx_result value */
+	fx_directory_unref(dir);
+	return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+bool fx_directory_path_exists(const fx_directory *root, fx_value path)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
+		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY,
+		directory_path_exists,
+		root,
+		path);
+}
+
+bool fx_directory_path_is_file(const fx_directory *root, fx_value path)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
+		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY,
+		directory_path_is_file,
+		root,
+		path);
+}
+
+bool fx_directory_path_is_directory(const fx_directory *root, fx_value path)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
+		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY,
+		directory_path_is_directory,
+		root,
+		path);
+}
+
+fx_result fx_directory_path_stat(
+	const fx_directory *root,
+	fx_value path,
+	struct fx_file_info *out)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
+		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY,
+		directory_path_stat,
+		root,
+		path,
+		out);
+}
+
+fx_result fx_directory_path_unlink(const fx_directory *root, fx_value path)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
+		FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY,
+		directory_path_unlink,
+		root,
+		path);
+}
+
+/*** VIRTUAL FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static void directory_init(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_directory_p *dir = priv;
+}
+
+static void directory_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_directory_p *dir = priv;
+
+	close(dir->d_fd);
+
+	if (dir->d_flags & DIRECTORY_DELETE_ON_CLOSE) {
+		directory_delete(obj, dir);
+	}
+
+	fx_path_unref(dir->d_path_abs);
+}
+
+/*** ITERATOR FUNCTIONS *******************************************************/
+
+#if 0
+static int ftsent_compare(const FTSENT **one, const FTSENT **two)
+{
+	return (strcmp((*one)->fts_name, (*two)->fts_name));
+}
+#endif
+
+static void update_iterator_data(struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it)
+{
+	if (it->entry.filepath) {
+		fx_path_unref((fx_path *)it->entry.filepath);
+		it->entry.filepath = NULL;
+	}
+
+#if 0
+	FTSENT *ent = it->ent;
+
+	fx_path *path = fx_path_create_from_cstr(
+		ent->fts_path + fx_path_length(it->_p->d_path_abs) + 1);
+
+	fx_value_unset(&it->entry_value);
+	it->entry_value = FX_POINTER(&it->entry);
+	it->entry.filename = ent->fts_name;
+	it->entry.filepath = path;
+
+	memset(&it->entry.info, 0x0, sizeof it->entry.info);
+
+	it->entry.info.length = ent->fts_statp->st_size;
+
+	if (S_ISREG(ent->fts_statp->st_mode)) {
+		it->entry.info.attrib |= FX_FILE_ATTRIB_NORMAL;
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(ent->fts_statp->st_mode)) {
+		it->entry.info.attrib |= FX_FILE_ATTRIB_DIRECTORY;
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISBLK(ent->fts_statp->st_mode)) {
+		it->entry.info.attrib |= FX_FILE_ATTRIB_BLOCK_DEVICE;
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISCHR(ent->fts_statp->st_mode)) {
+		it->entry.info.attrib |= FX_FILE_ATTRIB_CHAR_DEVICE;
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISLNK(ent->fts_statp->st_mode)) {
+		it->entry.info.attrib |= FX_FILE_ATTRIB_SYMLINK;
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+static void iterator_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it = priv;
+
+	if (it->entry.filepath) {
+		fx_path_unref((fx_path *)it->entry.filepath);
+		it->entry.filepath = NULL;
+	}
+
+#if 0
+	if (it->fts) {
+		fts_close(it->fts);
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+fx_iterator *fx_directory_begin(
+	fx_directory *directory,
+	enum fx_directory_iterator_flags flags)
+{
+#if 0
+	fx_iterator *it_obj = fx_object_create(FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
+	struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it
+		= fx_object_get_private(it_obj, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
+
+	it->flags = flags;
+	it->root = directory;
+	it->_p = fx_object_get_private(directory, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY);
+
+	int fts_flags = FTS_COMFOLLOW | FTS_NOCHDIR;
+
+	const char *path_list[] = {
+		fx_path_get_cstr(it->_p->d_path_abs),
+		NULL,
+	};
+
+	it->fts = fts_open((char *const *)path_list, fts_flags, ftsent_compare);
+
+	bool done = false;
+
+	while (!done) {
+		it->ent = fts_read(it->fts);
+
+		if (!it->ent) {
+			fx_iterator_set_status(it_obj, FX_ERR_NO_DATA);
+			return it_obj;
+		}
+
+		if (it->ent->fts_level == 0) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		switch (it->ent->fts_info) {
+		case FTS_DOT:
+			continue;
+		case FTS_F:
+			done = true;
+			break;
+		case FTS_D:
+			if (it->flags & FX_DIRECTORY_ITERATE_PARENT_LAST) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			done = true;
+			break;
+		case FTS_DP:
+			if (it->flags & FX_DIRECTORY_ITERATE_PARENT_FIRST) {
+				continue;
+			}
+			done = true;
+			break;
+		default:
+			done = true;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	update_iterator_data(it);
+	return it_obj;
+#endif
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static const fx_iterator *iterator_begin(const fx_object *obj)
+{
+	return fx_directory_begin(
+		(fx_object *)obj,
+		FX_DIRECTORY_ITERATE_PARENT_FIRST);
+}
+
+static enum fx_status iterator_move_next(const fx_iterator *obj)
+{
+#if 0
+	struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it
+		= fx_object_get_private(obj, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
+	if (!it || !it->fts) {
+		return FX_ERR_NO_DATA;
+	}
+
+	bool done = false;
+
+	while (!done) {
+		it->ent = fts_read(it->fts);
+
+		if (!it->ent) {
+			return FX_ERR_NO_DATA;
+		}
+
+		if (it->ent->fts_level == 0) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		switch (it->ent->fts_info) {
+		case FTS_DOT:
+			continue;
+		case FTS_F:
+			done = true;
+			break;
+		case FTS_D:
+			if (it->flags & FX_DIRECTORY_ITERATE_PARENT_LAST) {
+				continue;
+			}
+			done = true;
+			break;
+		case FTS_DP:
+			if (it->flags & FX_DIRECTORY_ITERATE_PARENT_FIRST) {
+				continue;
+			}
+			done = true;
+			break;
+		default:
+			done = true;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	update_iterator_data(it);
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+#endif
+	return FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status iterator_erase(fx_iterator *obj)
+{
+	struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it
+		= fx_object_get_private(obj, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
+	fx_result result = fx_directory_path_unlink(
+		it->root,
+		FX_VALUE_OBJECT(it->entry.filepath));
+	if (fx_result_is_error(result)) {
+		enum fx_status status = fx_error_get_status_code(result);
+		fx_error_discard(result);
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	return iterator_move_next(obj);
+}
+
+static const fx_value *iterator_get_value(const fx_iterator *obj)
+{
+	struct fx_directory_iterator_p *it
+		= fx_object_get_private(obj, FX_TYPE_DIRECTORY_ITERATOR);
+
+	return &it->entry_value;
+}
+
+/*** CLASS DEFINITION *********************************************************/
+
+// ---- fx_directory DEFINITION
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_BEGIN(fx_directory)
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(to_string) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_iterable, FX_TYPE_ITERABLE)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(it_begin) = iterator_begin;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_iterable, FX_TYPE_ITERABLE)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_END(fx_directory)
+
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_BEGIN(fx_directory)
+	FX_TYPE_ID(0x10d36546, 0x7f96, 0x464b, 0xbc4d, 0xe504b283fa45);
+	FX_TYPE_CLASS(fx_directory_class);
+	FX_TYPE_IMPLEMENTS(FX_TYPE_ITERABLE);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_PRIVATE(struct fx_directory_p);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_INIT(directory_init);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_FINI(directory_fini);
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_directory)
+
+// ---- fx_directory_iterator DEFINITION
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_BEGIN(fx_directory_iterator)
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(to_string) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_iterator, FX_TYPE_ITERATOR)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(it_move_next) = iterator_move_next;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(it_erase) = iterator_erase;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(it_get_value) = iterator_get_value;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_iterator, FX_TYPE_ITERATOR)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_END(fx_directory_iterator)
+
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_BEGIN(fx_directory_iterator)
+	FX_TYPE_ID(0xc707fce6, 0xc895, 0x4925, 0x8700, 0xa60641dee0cc);
+	FX_TYPE_EXTENDS(FX_TYPE_ITERATOR);
+	FX_TYPE_CLASS(fx_directory_iterator_class);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_PRIVATE(struct fx_directory_iterator_p);
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_directory_iterator)

fx.io/sys/rosetta/file.c

@@ -0,0 +1,653 @@
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200809L
+
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "posix.h"
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <fx/io/directory.h>
+#include <fx/io/file.h>
+#include <fx/io/path.h>
+#include <fx/random.h>
+#include <fx/string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#define CHECK_FLAG(v, f) (((v) & (f)) == (f))
+
+static enum fx_status stream_close(fx_stream *);
+static enum fx_status stream_getc(fx_stream *, int *);
+static enum fx_status stream_read(fx_stream *, void *, size_t, size_t *);
+static enum fx_status stream_write(fx_stream *, const void *, size_t, size_t *);
+static enum fx_status stream_seek(
+	fx_stream *,
+	long long,
+	fx_stream_seek_origin);
+static enum fx_status stream_tell(const fx_stream *, size_t *);
+
+/*** PRIVATE DATA *************************************************************/
+
+struct fx_file_p {
+	enum fx_file_mode mode;
+	int fd;
+	fx_path *path;
+};
+
+/*** PRIVATE FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static unsigned int fx_mode_to_unix_mode(enum fx_file_mode mode)
+{
+	unsigned int result = 0;
+
+	if (CHECK_FLAG(mode, FX_FILE_READ_WRITE)) {
+		result |= O_RDWR;
+	} else if (CHECK_FLAG(mode, FX_FILE_READ_ONLY)) {
+		result |= O_RDONLY;
+	} else if (CHECK_FLAG(mode, FX_FILE_WRITE_ONLY)) {
+		result |= O_WRONLY;
+	} else {
+		return (unsigned int)-1;
+	}
+
+	if (CHECK_FLAG(mode, FX_FILE_TRUNCATE)) {
+		result |= O_TRUNC;
+	}
+
+	if (CHECK_FLAG(mode, FX_FILE_CREATE)) {
+		result |= O_CREAT;
+	}
+
+	if (CHECK_FLAG(mode, FX_FILE_CREATE_ONLY)) {
+		result |= O_EXCL;
+	}
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static fx_result file_open_shadow(
+	struct fx_file_p *original,
+	enum fx_file_mode mode,
+	fx_file **out)
+{
+	mode |= FX_FILE_SHADOW | FX_FILE_DELETE_ON_CLOSE | FX_FILE_CREATE;
+
+	fx_path *dir;
+	fx_path_get_directory(original->path, &dir);
+
+	fx_string *filename = fx_string_create();
+	fx_path_get_filename(original->path, filename);
+
+	fx_string_prepend_cstr(filename, ".~");
+
+	fx_path *shadow_filename
+		= fx_path_create_from_cstr(fx_string_get_cstr(filename));
+	fx_string_unref(filename);
+
+	const fx_value *parts[] = {
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(dir),
+		&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(shadow_filename),
+	};
+
+	fx_path *shadow_filepath
+		= fx_path_join_array(parts, sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+	fx_path_unref(dir);
+	fx_path_unref(shadow_filename);
+
+	if (fx_path_exists(shadow_filepath)) {
+		fx_path_unlink(shadow_filepath);
+	}
+
+	fx_file *shadow_file;
+	fx_result status = fx_file_open(
+		FX_DIRECTORY_ROOT,
+		FX_VALUE_OBJECT(shadow_filepath),
+		mode,
+		&shadow_file);
+	fx_path_unref(shadow_filepath);
+
+	if (fx_result_is_error(status)) {
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	*out = shadow_file;
+	return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static const fx_path *file_path(const struct fx_file_p *file)
+{
+	return file->path;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status file_stat(
+	struct fx_file_p *file,
+	struct fx_file_info *out)
+{
+#if 0
+	struct stat st;
+	int err = fstat(file->fd, &st);
+
+	if (err != 0) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	memset(out, 0x0, sizeof *out);
+
+	return fx_file_info_from_stat(&st, out);
+#endif
+	return FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status file_size(struct fx_file_p *file, size_t *out_len)
+{
+	off_t cur = lseek(file->fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
+	if (cur == (off_t)-1) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	off_t len = lseek(file->fd, 0, SEEK_END);
+	if (len == (off_t)-1) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	cur = lseek(file->fd, cur, SEEK_SET);
+	if (cur == (off_t)-1) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	*out_len = (size_t)len;
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status file_cursor(struct fx_file_p *file, size_t *out_pos)
+{
+	off_t cur = lseek(file->fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
+	if (cur == (off_t)-1) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	*out_pos = (size_t)cur;
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status file_resize(struct fx_file_p *file, size_t len)
+{
+#if 0
+	int err = ftruncate(file->fd, len);
+	if (err == 0) {
+		return FX_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+#endif
+	return FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status file_seek(
+	struct fx_file_p *file,
+	long long offset,
+	enum fx_seek_basis basis)
+{
+	int whence;
+	switch (basis) {
+	case FX_SEEK_BEGINNING:
+		whence = SEEK_SET;
+		break;
+	case FX_SEEK_CURRENT:
+		whence = SEEK_CUR;
+		break;
+	case FX_SEEK_END:
+		whence = SEEK_END;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return FX_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+	}
+
+	int err = lseek(file->fd, offset, whence);
+	if (err == (off_t)-1) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status file_swap_shadow(
+	struct fx_file_p *main_file,
+	struct fx_file_p *shadow_file)
+{
+	if (main_file->mode & FX_FILE_SHADOW) {
+		return FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+	}
+
+	if (!(shadow_file->mode & FX_FILE_SHADOW)) {
+		return FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+	}
+
+	fx_path *dir_path;
+	fx_path_get_directory(main_file->path, &dir_path);
+
+	fx_path *tmp_path = NULL;
+
+	while (1) {
+		char tmp_name[16];
+		z__fx_io_generate_tmp_filename(tmp_name, sizeof tmp_name);
+		fx_path *tmp_name_p = fx_path_create_from_cstr(tmp_name);
+
+		const fx_value *parts[] = {
+			&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(dir_path),
+			&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(tmp_name_p),
+		};
+
+		tmp_path = fx_path_join_array(
+			parts,
+			sizeof parts / sizeof parts[0]);
+
+		fx_path_unref(tmp_name_p);
+
+		if (!fx_path_exists(tmp_path)) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		fx_path_unref(tmp_path);
+		tmp_path = NULL;
+	}
+
+	fx_path_unref(dir_path);
+
+	int err;
+
+#if 0
+	err = rename(
+		fx_path_get_cstr(main_file->path),
+		fx_path_get_cstr(tmp_path));
+	err = rename(
+		fx_path_get_cstr(shadow_file->path),
+		fx_path_get_cstr(main_file->path));
+	err = rename(
+		fx_path_get_cstr(tmp_path),
+		fx_path_get_cstr(shadow_file->path));
+#endif
+
+	fx_path_unref(tmp_path);
+
+	int fd = main_file->fd;
+	main_file->fd = shadow_file->fd;
+	shadow_file->fd = fd;
+
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status file_read(
+	struct fx_file_p *file,
+	size_t offset,
+	size_t len,
+	void *buf,
+	size_t *nr_read)
+{
+	if (offset != FX_OFFSET_CURRENT) {
+		lseek(file->fd, offset, SEEK_SET);
+	}
+
+	long r = read(file->fd, buf, len);
+
+	enum fx_status status = FX_SUCCESS;
+
+	if (r < 0) {
+		status = fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	*nr_read = r;
+	return status;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status file_write(
+	struct fx_file_p *file,
+	size_t offset,
+	size_t len,
+	const void *buf,
+	size_t *nr_written)
+{
+	if (offset != FX_OFFSET_CURRENT) {
+		lseek(file->fd, offset, SEEK_SET);
+	}
+
+	long w = write(file->fd, buf, len);
+
+	enum fx_status status = FX_SUCCESS;
+
+	if (w < 0) {
+		status = fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	*nr_written = w;
+	return status;
+}
+
+/*** STREAM FUNCTIONS *********************************************************/
+
+static enum fx_status stream_close(fx_stream *stream)
+{
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status stream_getc(fx_stream *stream, int *out)
+{
+	struct fx_file_p *file = fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_FILE);
+	char c;
+	size_t nr_read = 0;
+
+	enum fx_status status
+		= file_read(file, FX_OFFSET_CURRENT, sizeof c, &c, &nr_read);
+	if (status != FX_SUCCESS) {
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	if (nr_read == 0) {
+		return FX_ERR_NO_DATA;
+	}
+
+	*out = c;
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status stream_read(
+	fx_stream *stream,
+	void *buf,
+	size_t max,
+	size_t *nr_read)
+{
+	struct fx_file_p *file = fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_FILE);
+
+	enum fx_status status
+		= file_read(file, FX_OFFSET_CURRENT, max, buf, nr_read);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status stream_write(
+	fx_stream *stream,
+	const void *buf,
+	size_t count,
+	size_t *nr_written)
+{
+	struct fx_file_p *file = fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_FILE);
+
+	enum fx_status status
+		= file_write(file, FX_OFFSET_CURRENT, count, buf, nr_written);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status stream_seek(
+	fx_stream *stream,
+	long long offset,
+	fx_stream_seek_origin origin)
+{
+	fx_seek_basis basis;
+	switch (origin) {
+	case FX_STREAM_SEEK_START:
+		basis = FX_SEEK_BEGINNING;
+		break;
+	case FX_STREAM_SEEK_CURRENT:
+		basis = FX_SEEK_CURRENT;
+		break;
+	case FX_STREAM_SEEK_END:
+		basis = FX_SEEK_END;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return FX_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+	}
+
+	struct fx_file_p *file = fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_FILE);
+
+	return file_seek(file, offset, basis);
+}
+
+static enum fx_status stream_tell(const fx_stream *stream, size_t *pos)
+{
+	const struct fx_file_p *file
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_FILE);
+	off_t v = lseek(file->fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
+	if (v == (off_t)-1) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	*pos = v;
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/*** PUBLIC FUNCTIONS *********************************************************/
+
+fx_result fx_file_open(
+	fx_directory *root,
+	fx_value path,
+	enum fx_file_mode mode,
+	fx_file **out)
+{
+	unsigned int flags = fx_mode_to_unix_mode(mode);
+
+	if (flags == (unsigned int)-1) {
+		return FX_RESULT_ERR(INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+	}
+
+	const fx_path *root_path = NULL;
+	bool free_root_path = false;
+	if (root) {
+		root_path = fx_directory_get_path(root);
+	} else {
+		root_path = fx_path_get_system(FX_PATH_CWD);
+		free_root_path = true;
+	}
+
+	fx_path *abs_path
+		= fx_path_join_list(2, &FX_VALUE_OBJECT(root_path), &path);
+
+	if (free_root_path) {
+		fx_path_unref((fx_path *)root_path);
+	}
+
+	if (!abs_path) {
+		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
+	}
+
+	int fd = open(fx_path_get_cstr(abs_path), flags);
+	if (fd == -1) {
+		fx_path_unref(abs_path);
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS(
+			fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE));
+	}
+
+	fx_file *file = fx_object_create(FX_TYPE_FILE);
+	if (!file) {
+		close(fd);
+		fx_path_unref(abs_path);
+		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_MEMORY);
+	}
+
+	struct fx_file_p *p = fx_object_get_private(file, FX_TYPE_FILE);
+	fx_stream_cfg *cfg = fx_object_get_protected(file, FX_TYPE_STREAM);
+
+	if (mode & FX_FILE_READ_ONLY) {
+		cfg->s_mode |= FX_STREAM_READ;
+	}
+
+	if (mode & FX_FILE_WRITE_ONLY) {
+		cfg->s_mode |= FX_STREAM_WRITE;
+	}
+
+	if (mode & FX_FILE_BINARY) {
+		cfg->s_mode |= FX_STREAM_BINARY;
+	}
+
+	p->fd = fd;
+	p->path = abs_path;
+	p->mode = mode;
+
+	*out = file;
+	return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+fx_result fx_file_open_temp(enum fx_file_mode mode, fx_file **out)
+{
+	mode |= FX_FILE_DELETE_ON_CLOSE;
+
+	char name[16];
+	char path[128];
+
+	while (1) {
+		z__fx_io_generate_tmp_filename(name, sizeof name);
+		snprintf(path, sizeof path, "/tmp/%s", name);
+		fx_path *rpath = fx_path_create_from_cstr(path);
+
+		fx_result status = fx_file_open(
+			FX_DIRECTORY_ROOT,
+			FX_VALUE_OBJECT(rpath),
+			mode | FX_FILE_CREATE_ONLY,
+			out);
+
+		if (fx_error_get_status_code(status) == FX_ERR_NAME_EXISTS) {
+			fx_path_unref(rpath);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		fx_path_unlink(rpath);
+		fx_path_unref(rpath);
+
+		return status;
+	}
+}
+
+fx_result fx_file_open_shadow(
+	fx_file *original,
+	enum fx_file_mode mode,
+	fx_file **out)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
+		FX_TYPE_FILE,
+		file_open_shadow,
+		original,
+		mode,
+		out);
+}
+
+const fx_path *fx_file_path(const fx_file *file)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_FILE, file_path, file);
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_file_stat(fx_file *file, struct fx_file_info *out)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(FX_TYPE_FILE, file_stat, file, out);
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_file_size(fx_file *file, size_t *out_len)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(FX_TYPE_FILE, file_size, file, out_len);
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_file_cursor(fx_file *file, size_t *out_pos)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(FX_TYPE_FILE, file_cursor, file, out_pos);
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_file_resize(fx_file *file, size_t len)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(FX_TYPE_FILE, file_resize, file, len);
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_file_seek(
+	fx_file *file,
+	long long offset,
+	enum fx_seek_basis basis)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(FX_TYPE_FILE, file_seek, file, offset, basis);
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_file_swap_shadow(fx_file *main_file, fx_file *shadow_file)
+{
+	struct fx_file_p *main_p
+		= fx_object_get_private(main_file, FX_TYPE_FILE);
+	struct fx_file_p *shadow_p
+		= fx_object_get_private(main_file, FX_TYPE_FILE);
+	return file_swap_shadow(main_p, shadow_p);
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_file_read(
+	fx_file *file,
+	size_t offset,
+	size_t len,
+	void *buf,
+	size_t *nr_read)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
+		FX_TYPE_FILE,
+		file_read,
+		file,
+		offset,
+		len,
+		buf,
+		nr_read);
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_file_write(
+	fx_file *file,
+	size_t offset,
+	size_t len,
+	const void *buf,
+	size_t *nr_written)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
+		FX_TYPE_FILE,
+		file_write,
+		file,
+		offset,
+		len,
+		buf,
+		nr_written);
+}
+
+/*** VIRTUAL FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static void file_init(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_file_p *file = priv;
+}
+
+static void file_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_file_p *file = priv;
+	close(file->fd);
+
+	if (file->mode & FX_FILE_DELETE_ON_CLOSE) {
+		fx_path_unlink(file->path);
+	}
+
+	fx_path_unref(file->path);
+}
+
+/*** CLASS DEFINITION *********************************************************/
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_BEGIN(fx_file)
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(to_string) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_stream, FX_TYPE_STREAM)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_close) = stream_close;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_getc) = stream_getc;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_read) = stream_read;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_write) = stream_write;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_seek) = stream_seek;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_tell) = stream_tell;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_stream, FX_TYPE_STREAM)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_END(fx_file)
+
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_BEGIN(fx_file)
+	FX_TYPE_ID(0x495a73f6, 0xb8c3, 0x4e17, 0xb5f4, 0x6fc321f67c7b);
+	FX_TYPE_EXTENDS(FX_TYPE_STREAM);
+	FX_TYPE_CLASS(fx_file_class);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_PRIVATE(struct fx_file_p);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_INIT(file_init);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_FINI(file_fini);
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_file)

fx.io/sys/rosetta/misc.c

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#include "misc.h"
+
+#include <fx/random.h>
+
+void z__fx_io_generate_tmp_filename(char *out, size_t len)
+{
+	static const char *alphabet
+		= "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+		  "01234567"
+		  "89+=-_.";
+	static const size_t alphabet_len = 67;
+
+	fx_random_ctx *ctx = fx_random_global_ctx();
+
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		int v = fx_random_next_int64(ctx) % alphabet_len;
+		out[i] = alphabet[v];
+	}
+
+	out[len - 1] = 0;
+}

fx.io/sys/rosetta/misc.h

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef _IO_DARWIN_MISC_H_
+#define _IO_DARWIN_MISC_H_
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+extern void z__fx_io_generate_tmp_filename(char *out, size_t len);
+
+#endif

fx.io/sys/rosetta/path.c

@@ -0,0 +1,486 @@
+#include "posix.h"
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <fx/io/file.h>
+#include <fx/io/path.h>
+#include <fx/string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+/*** PRIVATE DATA *************************************************************/
+
+struct fx_path_p {
+	fx_string *p_pathstr;
+};
+
+/*** PRIVATE FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static fx_path *path_make_absolute(const struct fx_path_p *in)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static fx_path *path_make_relative(const struct fx_path_p *in)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static fx_path *path_make_canonical(const struct fx_path_p *in)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static bool path_is_absolute(const struct fx_path_p *path)
+{
+	const char *s = fx_string_get_cstr(path->p_pathstr);
+	return s[0] == '/';
+}
+
+static const char *path_ptr(const struct fx_path_p *path)
+{
+	return fx_string_get_cstr(path->p_pathstr);
+}
+
+static enum fx_status path_stat(
+	const struct fx_path_p *path,
+	struct fx_file_info *out)
+{
+#if 0
+	struct stat st;
+	int err = stat(path_ptr(path), &st);
+
+	if (err != 0) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	memset(out, 0x0, sizeof *out);
+
+	return fx_file_info_from_stat(&st, out);
+#endif
+	return FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+}
+
+static bool path_exists(const struct fx_path_p *path)
+{
+	fx_file_info info;
+	if (!FX_OK(path_stat(path, &info))) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+static bool path_is_file(const struct fx_path_p *path)
+{
+	fx_file_info info;
+	if (!FX_OK(path_stat(path, &info))) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return (info.attrib & FX_FILE_ATTRIB_NORMAL) != 0;
+}
+
+static bool path_is_directory(const struct fx_path_p *path)
+{
+	fx_file_info info;
+	if (!FX_OK(path_stat(path, &info))) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return (info.attrib & FX_FILE_ATTRIB_DIRECTORY) != 0;
+}
+
+static void append_path(struct fx_path_p *dest, const fx_string *src)
+{
+	const char *src_cstr = fx_string_get_cstr(src);
+	if (src_cstr[0] == '/') {
+		fx_string_clear(dest->p_pathstr);
+		fx_string_append_s(dest->p_pathstr, src);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (fx_string_get_size(dest->p_pathstr, FX_STRLEN_NORMAL) > 0
+	    && fx_string_get_last_char(dest->p_pathstr) != '/'
+	    && fx_string_get_first_char(src) != '/') {
+		fx_string_append_c(dest->p_pathstr, '/');
+	}
+
+	fx_string_append_s(dest->p_pathstr, src);
+}
+
+static enum fx_status path_unlink(const struct fx_path_p *path)
+{
+#if 0
+	int err = remove(fx_string_get_cstr(path->p_pathstr));
+	return err == 0 ? FX_SUCCESS
+	                : fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+#endif
+	return FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status path_get_directory(
+	const struct fx_path_p *path,
+	fx_path **out_dir_path)
+{
+	fx_string *path_str = path->p_pathstr;
+	long len = fx_string_get_size(path_str, FX_STRLEN_NORMAL);
+
+	const char *path_cstr = fx_string_get_cstr(path_str);
+	char *sep = strrchr(path_cstr, '/');
+
+	if (!sep) {
+		*out_dir_path = fx_path_create();
+		return FX_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	size_t dir_path_len = (size_t)(sep - path_cstr);
+	fx_string *dir_path_s = fx_string_get_substr(path_str, 0, dir_path_len);
+
+	fx_path *dir_path
+		= fx_path_create_from_cstr(fx_string_get_cstr(dir_path_s));
+	fx_string_unref(dir_path_s);
+
+	*out_dir_path = dir_path;
+
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status path_get_filename(
+	const struct fx_path_p *path,
+	fx_string *out_name)
+{
+	fx_string *path_str = path->p_pathstr;
+	long len = fx_string_get_size(path_str, FX_STRLEN_NORMAL);
+
+	char *sep = strrchr(fx_string_get_cstr(path_str), '/');
+
+	if (!sep) {
+		fx_string_append_s(out_name, path_str);
+		return FX_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	const char *filename = sep;
+	while (*filename == '/' && *filename != '\0') {
+		filename++;
+	}
+
+	if (*filename == '\0') {
+		fx_string_clear(out_name);
+		return FX_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	fx_string_append_cstr(out_name, filename);
+
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static size_t path_length(const struct fx_path_p *path)
+{
+	return fx_string_get_size(path->p_pathstr, FX_STRLEN_NORMAL);
+}
+
+/*** PUBLIC FUNCTIONS *********************************************************/
+
+fx_path *fx_path_create_root()
+{
+	const char *system_drive = "/";
+	size_t system_drive_len = strlen(system_drive);
+
+	fx_path *path = fx_path_create();
+	if (!path) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	struct fx_path_p *p = fx_object_get_private(path, FX_TYPE_PATH);
+
+	fx_string_append_cstr(p->p_pathstr, system_drive);
+	if (system_drive[system_drive_len - 1] != '\\') {
+		fx_string_append_c(p->p_pathstr, '\\');
+	}
+
+	return path;
+}
+
+fx_path *fx_path_create_from_cstr(const char *cstr)
+{
+	fx_path *path = fx_path_create();
+	if (!path) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	struct fx_path_p *p = fx_object_get_private(path, FX_TYPE_PATH);
+
+	char prev = 0;
+
+	for (size_t i = 0; cstr[i]; i++) {
+		char c = cstr[i];
+		if (c == '\\') {
+			c = '/';
+		}
+
+		if (prev == '/' && c == '/') {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		fx_string_append_c(p->p_pathstr, c);
+		prev = c;
+	}
+
+	while (fx_string_get_last_char(p->p_pathstr) == '/') {
+		fx_string_pop_back(p->p_pathstr);
+	}
+
+	return path;
+}
+
+fx_path *fx_path_get_system(fx_system_path path_type)
+{
+#if 0
+	char path_buf[4096];
+	const char *path_value = NULL, *default_value = NULL;
+	switch (path_type) {
+	case FX_PATH_ROOT:
+		path_value = "/";
+		break;
+	case FX_PATH_CWD:
+		if (getcwd(path_buf, sizeof path_buf) == NULL) {
+			path_value = path_buf;
+		}
+		break;
+	case FX_PATH_HOME:
+		path_value = getenv("HOME");
+		default_value = "~";
+		break;
+	case FX_PATH_CONFIG: {
+		const char *home = getenv("HOME");
+		path_value = getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME");
+		snprintf(
+			path_buf,
+			sizeof path_buf,
+			"%s/.config",
+			home ? home : "~");
+		default_value = path_buf;
+		break;
+	}
+	default:
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (path_value) {
+		return fx_path_create_from_cstr(path_value);
+	}
+
+	if (default_value) {
+		return fx_path_create_from_cstr(default_value);
+	}
+#endif
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+fx_path *fx_path_duplicate(const fx_path *path)
+{
+	fx_path *new_path = fx_path_create();
+	if (!path) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	struct fx_path_p *old_p = fx_object_get_private(path, FX_TYPE_PATH);
+	struct fx_path_p *new_p = fx_object_get_private(new_path, FX_TYPE_PATH);
+
+	new_p->p_pathstr = fx_string_duplicate(old_p->p_pathstr);
+	if (!new_p->p_pathstr) {
+		fx_path_unref(new_path);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return new_path;
+}
+
+fx_path *fx_path_join_array(const fx_value *values[], size_t nr_values)
+{
+	fx_path *result = fx_path_create();
+	if (!result) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	struct fx_path_p *result_p
+		= fx_object_get_private(result, FX_TYPE_PATH);
+
+	fx_stringstream *tmp = fx_stringstream_create();
+	fx_string *value_s = fx_string_create();
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < nr_values; i++) {
+		if (!values[i]) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		fx_stringstream_reset(tmp);
+		fx_value_to_string(values[i], tmp, NULL);
+
+		fx_string_clear(value_s);
+		fx_string_append_cstr(value_s, fx_stringstream_get_cstr(tmp));
+		append_path(result_p, value_s);
+	}
+
+	fx_string_unref(value_s);
+	fx_stringstream_unref(tmp);
+	return result;
+}
+
+fx_path *fx_path_join_list(size_t count, ...)
+{
+	fx_path *result = fx_path_create();
+	if (!result) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	struct fx_path_p *result_p
+		= fx_object_get_private(result, FX_TYPE_PATH);
+	va_list arg;
+	va_start(arg, count);
+
+	fx_stringstream *tmp = fx_stringstream_create();
+	fx_string *value_s = fx_string_create();
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+		const fx_value *value = va_arg(arg, const fx_value *);
+
+		fx_stringstream_reset(tmp);
+		fx_value_to_string(value, tmp, NULL);
+
+		fx_string_clear(value_s);
+		fx_string_append_cstr(value_s, fx_stringstream_get_cstr(tmp));
+		append_path(result_p, value_s);
+	}
+
+	fx_string_unref(value_s);
+	fx_stringstream_unref(tmp);
+	return result;
+}
+
+fx_path *fx_path_make_absolute(const fx_path *in)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_PATH, path_make_absolute, in);
+}
+
+fx_path *fx_path_make_relative(const fx_path *in)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_PATH, path_make_relative, in);
+}
+
+fx_path *fx_path_make_canonical(const fx_path *in)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_PATH, path_make_canonical, in);
+}
+
+bool fx_path_is_absolute(const fx_path *path)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_PATH, path_is_absolute, path);
+}
+
+bool fx_path_exists(const fx_path *path)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_PATH, path_exists, path);
+}
+
+bool fx_path_is_file(const fx_path *path)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_PATH, path_is_file, path);
+}
+
+bool fx_path_is_directory(const fx_path *path)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_PATH, path_is_directory, path);
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_path_stat(const fx_path *path, struct fx_file_info *out)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(FX_TYPE_PATH, path_stat, path, out);
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_path_unlink(const fx_path *path)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_PATH, path_unlink, path);
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_path_get_directory(
+	const fx_path *path,
+	fx_path **out_dir_path)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
+		FX_TYPE_PATH,
+		path_get_directory,
+		path,
+		out_dir_path);
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_path_get_filename(const fx_path *path, fx_string *out_name)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
+		FX_TYPE_PATH,
+		path_get_filename,
+		path,
+		out_name);
+}
+
+const char *fx_path_get_cstr(const fx_path *path)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_PATH, path_ptr, path);
+}
+
+size_t fx_path_length(const fx_path *path)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_PATH, path_length, path);
+}
+
+/*** VIRTUAL FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static void path_init(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_path_p *path = priv;
+
+	path->p_pathstr = fx_string_create();
+	if (!path->p_pathstr) {
+		/* TODO return error */
+	}
+}
+
+void path_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_path_p *path = priv;
+
+	fx_string_unref(path->p_pathstr);
+}
+
+static fx_status path_to_string(
+	const fx_value *obj,
+	fx_stream *out,
+	const char *format)
+{
+	struct fx_path_p *path
+		= fx_object_get_private(obj->v_object, FX_TYPE_PATH);
+
+	return fx_stream_write_cstr(
+		out,
+		fx_string_get_cstr(path->p_pathstr),
+		NULL);
+}
+
+/*** CLASS DEFINITION *********************************************************/
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_BEGIN(fx_path)
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(to_string) = path_to_string;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_END(fx_path)
+
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_BEGIN(fx_path)
+	FX_TYPE_ID(0x56dc32eb, 0xea96, 0x46ed, 0x85d3, 0x760fa4ad61f4);
+	FX_TYPE_CLASS(fx_path_class);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_PRIVATE(struct fx_path_p);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_INIT(path_init);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_FINI(path_fini);
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_path)

fx.io/sys/rosetta/pipe.c

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#include "posix.h"
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fx/io/stream.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+fx_status fx_pipe_create(fx_iostream **reader, fx_iostream **writer)
+{
+#if 0
+	int fds[2];
+	int err = pipe(fds);
+	if (err != 0) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+	}
+
+	fx_iostream *r = fx_iostream_create(FX_STREAM_READ, fds[0], true);
+	fx_iostream *w = fx_iostream_create(FX_STREAM_WRITE, fds[1], true);
+
+	if (!r || !w) {
+		fx_iostream_unref(r);
+		fx_iostream_unref(w);
+		close(fds[0]);
+		close(fds[1]);
+		return FX_ERR_NO_MEMORY;
+	}
+
+	*reader = r;
+	*writer = w;
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+#endif
+	return FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+}

fx.io/sys/rosetta/posix.c

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fx/error.h>
+#include <fx/io/file.h>
+#include <fx/status.h>
+
+enum fx_status fx_status_from_errno(int error, enum fx_status default_value)
+{
+	switch (error) {
+	case 0:
+		return FX_SUCCESS;
+	case ENOENT:
+		return FX_ERR_NO_ENTRY;
+	case EEXIST:
+		return FX_ERR_NAME_EXISTS;
+	case ENOMEM:
+		return FX_ERR_NO_MEMORY;
+	case EINVAL:
+		return FX_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+	case EIO:
+		return FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE;
+	case EISDIR:
+		return FX_ERR_IS_DIRECTORY;
+	case ENOTDIR:
+		return FX_ERR_NOT_DIRECTORY;
+	case EPERM:
+	case EACCES:
+		return FX_ERR_PERMISSION_DENIED;
+	case ENOTSUP:
+	case ENOSYS:
+		return FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+	default:
+		return default_value;
+	}
+}
+
+fx_result fx_result_from_errno_with_filepath(
+	int error,
+	const char *path,
+	enum fx_status default_value)
+{
+	switch (error) {
+	case 0:
+		return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+	case ENOENT:
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS_WITH_STRING(
+			FX_ERR_NO_ENTRY,
+			"Path @i{%s} does not exist",
+			path);
+	case ENOTDIR:
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS_WITH_STRING(
+			FX_ERR_NOT_DIRECTORY,
+			"Path @i{%s} is not a directory",
+			path);
+	case EISDIR:
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS_WITH_STRING(
+			FX_ERR_IS_DIRECTORY,
+			"Path @i{%s} is a directory",
+			path);
+	case EPERM:
+	case EACCES:
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS_WITH_STRING(
+			FX_ERR_PERMISSION_DENIED,
+			"Permission denied while accessing path @i{%s}",
+			path);
+	default:
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS(
+			fx_status_from_errno(error, default_value));
+	}
+
+	return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+fx_result fx_result_from_errno_with_subfilepath(
+	int error,
+	const char *path,
+	const char *dir_path,
+	enum fx_status default_value)
+{
+	if (!dir_path) {
+		return fx_result_propagate(fx_result_from_errno_with_filepath(
+			error,
+			path,
+			default_value));
+	}
+
+	switch (error) {
+	case 0:
+		return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+	case ENOENT:
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS_WITH_STRING(
+			FX_ERR_NO_ENTRY,
+			"Path @i{%s} in directory @i{%s} does not exist",
+			path,
+			dir_path);
+	case ENOTDIR:
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS_WITH_STRING(
+			FX_ERR_NOT_DIRECTORY,
+			"Path @i{%s} in directory @i{%s} is not a directory",
+			path,
+			dir_path);
+	case EISDIR:
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS_WITH_STRING(
+			FX_ERR_IS_DIRECTORY,
+			"Path @i{%s} in directory @i{%s} is a directory",
+			path,
+			dir_path);
+	case EPERM:
+	case EACCES:
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS_WITH_STRING(
+			FX_ERR_PERMISSION_DENIED,
+			"Permission denied while accessing path @i{%s} in "
+			"directory @i{%s}",
+			path,
+			dir_path);
+	default:
+		return FX_RESULT_STATUS(
+			fx_status_from_errno(error, default_value));
+	}
+
+	return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+#if 0
+enum fx_status fx_file_info_from_stat(
+	const struct stat *st,
+	struct fx_file_info *out)
+{
+	out->length = st->st_size;
+
+	if (S_ISREG(st->st_mode)) {
+		out->attrib |= FX_FILE_ATTRIB_NORMAL;
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(st->st_mode)) {
+		out->attrib |= FX_FILE_ATTRIB_DIRECTORY;
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISBLK(st->st_mode)) {
+		out->attrib |= FX_FILE_ATTRIB_BLOCK_DEVICE;
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISCHR(st->st_mode)) {
+		out->attrib |= FX_FILE_ATTRIB_CHAR_DEVICE;
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISLNK(st->st_mode)) {
+		out->attrib |= FX_FILE_ATTRIB_SYMLINK;
+	}
+
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+#endif

fx.io/sys/rosetta/posix.h

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#ifndef _IO_DARWIN_POSIX_H_
+#define _IO_DARWIN_POSIX_H_
+
+#include <fx/error.h>
+#include <fx/status.h>
+
+struct stat;
+struct fx_file_info;
+
+extern enum fx_status fx_status_from_errno(
+	int error,
+	enum fx_status default_value);
+extern fx_result fx_result_from_errno_with_filepath(
+	int error,
+	const char *path,
+	enum fx_status default_value);
+extern fx_result fx_result_from_errno_with_subfilepath(
+	int error,
+	const char *path,
+	const char *dir_path,
+	enum fx_status default_value);
+extern enum fx_status fx_file_info_from_stat(
+	const struct stat *in,
+	struct fx_file_info *out);
+
+#endif

fx.io/sys/rosetta/stream.c

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+#include "posix.h"
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fx/io/stream.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+/*** PRIVATE DATA *************************************************************/
+
+struct fx_iostream_p {
+	int s_fd;
+	bool s_fd_close_on_release;
+};
+
+/*** PRIVATE FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static uptr iostream_get_os_handle(const struct fx_iostream_p *stream)
+{
+	return stream->s_fd;
+}
+
+static uptr iostream_steal_os_handle(struct fx_iostream_p *stream)
+{
+	uptr out = stream->s_fd;
+	stream->s_fd = -1;
+	stream->s_fd_close_on_release = false;
+	return out;
+}
+
+/*** PUBLIC FUNCTIONS *********************************************************/
+
+fx_iostream *fx_iostream_create(
+	fx_stream_mode mode,
+	uptr os_handle,
+	bool close_handle_on_release)
+{
+	fx_iostream *s = fx_object_create(FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM);
+	if (!s) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	fx_stream_cfg *cfg = fx_object_get_protected(s, FX_TYPE_STREAM);
+	struct fx_iostream_p *p = fx_object_get_private(s, FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM);
+
+	cfg->s_mode = mode | Z__FX_STREAM_STATIC;
+	p->s_fd = (int)os_handle;
+	p->s_fd_close_on_release = close_handle_on_release;
+
+	return s;
+}
+
+uptr fx_iostream_get_os_handle(const fx_iostream *stream)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM,
+		iostream_get_os_handle,
+		stream);
+}
+
+uptr fx_iostream_steal_os_handle(fx_iostream *stream)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM,
+		iostream_steal_os_handle,
+		stream);
+}
+
+/*** VIRTUAL FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static void iostream_init(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_iostream_p *stream = priv;
+}
+
+static void iostream_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_iostream_p *stream = priv;
+
+	if (stream->s_fd_close_on_release) {
+		close(stream->s_fd);
+	}
+}
+
+static enum fx_status stream_read(
+	fx_stream *stream,
+	void *buf,
+	size_t count,
+	size_t *nr_read)
+{
+	struct fx_iostream_p *s
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM);
+
+	long r = read(s->s_fd, buf, count);
+	if (r < 0) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	*nr_read = r;
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status stream_write(
+	fx_stream *stream,
+	const void *buf,
+	size_t count,
+	size_t *nr_written)
+{
+	struct fx_iostream_p *s
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_IO_TYPE_STREAM);
+
+	long w = write(s->s_fd, buf, count);
+	if (w < 0) {
+		return fx_status_from_errno(errno, FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	*nr_written = w;
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/*** CLASS DEFINITION *********************************************************/
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_BEGIN(fx_iostream)
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(to_string) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_object, FX_TYPE_OBJECT)
+
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_stream, FX_TYPE_STREAM)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_close) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_seek) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_tell) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_getc) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_read) = stream_read;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_write) = stream_write;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_reserve) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_stream, FX_TYPE_STREAM)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_END(fx_iostream)
+
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_BEGIN(fx_iostream)
+	FX_TYPE_ID(0xc0b1c3c9, 0xa9c6, 0x4910, 0x8786, 0x574b0696e7aa);
+	FX_TYPE_NAME("fx.io.stream");
+	FX_TYPE_EXTENDS(FX_TYPE_STREAM);
+	FX_TYPE_CLASS(fx_iostream_class);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_PRIVATE(struct fx_iostream_p);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_INIT(iostream_init);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_FINI(iostream_fini);
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_iostream)

fx.io/sys/win32/directory.c

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ enum fx_status fx_directory_open(
 	}
 
 	HANDLE dir_handle = CreateFileA(
-		fx_path_ptr(new_path), GENERIC_READ,
+		fx_path_get_cstr(new_path), GENERIC_READ,
 		FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE, NULL,
 		OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);
 
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ static bool move_into_directory(struct fx_directory_iterator *it, const char *di
 
 	state = push_iteration_state(it->_z);
 	state->search_path = dir_path;
-	state->search = FindFirstFileA(fx_path_ptr(search_path), &state->data);
+	state->search = FindFirstFileA(fx_path_get_cstr(search_path), &state->data);
 
 	fx_path_release(search_path);
 	fx_path_release(wildcard);
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ static bool move_into_directory(struct fx_directory_iterator *it, const char *di
 static bool move_to_first_item(
 	struct fx_directory_iterator *it, const struct fx_path *root_dir)
 {
-	bool has_results = move_into_directory(it, fx_path_ptr(root_dir));
+	bool has_results = move_into_directory(it, fx_path_get_cstr(root_dir));
 
 	if (!has_results) {
 		return false;

fx.io/sys/win32/path.c

@@ -205,13 +205,13 @@ bool fx_path_is_absolute(const struct fx_path *path)
 
 bool fx_path_exists(const struct fx_path *path)
 {
-	DWORD attrib = GetFileAttributesA(fx_path_ptr(path));
+	DWORD attrib = GetFileAttributesA(fx_path_get_cstr(path));
 	return attrib != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES;
 }
 
 bool fx_path_is_file(const struct fx_path *path)
 {
-	DWORD attrib = GetFileAttributesA(fx_path_ptr(path));
+	DWORD attrib = GetFileAttributesA(fx_path_get_cstr(path));
 	if (attrib == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
 		return false;
 	}
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ bool fx_path_is_file(const struct fx_path *path)
 
 bool fx_path_is_directory(const struct fx_path *path)
 {
-	DWORD attrib = GetFileAttributesA(fx_path_ptr(path));
+	DWORD attrib = GetFileAttributesA(fx_path_get_cstr(path));
 	if (attrib == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
 		return false;
 	}
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ bool fx_path_is_directory(const struct fx_path *path)
 	return (attrib & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0;
 }
 
-const char *fx_path_ptr(const struct fx_path *path)
+const char *fx_path_get_cstr(const struct fx_path *path)
 {
 	return fx_string_get_cstr(path->pathstr);
 }

fx.io/test/mkdir.c

@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 
 	fx_directory *dir;
 	fx_result result = fx_directory_open(
-		NULL, FX_RV_PATH(path), FX_DIRECTORY_OPEN_CREATE_INTERMEDIATE, &dir);
+		NULL,
+		FX_CSTR(path),
+		FX_DIRECTORY_OPEN_CREATE_INTERMEDIATE,
+		&dir);
 	if (fx_result_is_error(result)) {
 		fx_throw(result);
 		return -1;

fx.io/test/pipes.c

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#include <fx/io/pipe.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	fx_iostream *read = NULL, *write = NULL;
+	fx_status status = fx_pipe_create(&read, &write);
+
+	if (!FX_OK(status)) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		        "failed to create pipe: %s\n",
+		        fx_status_description(status));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	fx_stream_write_cstr(write, "Hello, world!\n", NULL);
+
+	char buf[128];
+	fx_stream_read_line(read, buf, sizeof buf);
+
+	printf("read from pipe: %s\n", buf);
+	return 0;
+}

fx.io/test/rmdir.c

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 	const char *path = argv[1];
 
 	fx_directory *dir;
-	fx_result result = fx_directory_open(NULL, FX_RV_PATH(path), 0, &dir);
+	fx_result result = fx_directory_open(NULL, FX_CSTR(path), 0, &dir);
 	if (fx_result_is_error(result)) {
 		fx_throw(result);
 		return -1;

fx.io/test/streams.c

@@ -6,10 +6,9 @@
 int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	fx_file *dest;
-	fx_path *path = fx_path_create_from_cstr("data.txt");
 	fx_result result = fx_file_open(
 		NULL,
-		path,
+		FX_CSTR("data.txt"),
 		FX_FILE_WRITE_ONLY | FX_FILE_CREATE,
 		&dest);
 	if (fx_result_is_error(result)) {
@@ -23,7 +22,6 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 
 	printf("done. read %zu bytes total.\n", nr_read);
 
-	fx_path_unref(path);
 	fx_file_unref(dest);
 	return 0;
 }

fx.io/test/tree.c

@@ -12,22 +12,24 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 	}
 
 	fx_directory *dir = NULL;
-	fx_path *path = fx_path_create_from_cstr(argv[1]);
-	fx_result result = fx_directory_open(FX_DIRECTORY_ROOT, path, 0, &dir);
+	fx_result result = fx_directory_open(
+		FX_DIRECTORY_ROOT,
+		FX_CSTR(argv[1]),
+		0,
+		&dir);
 
 	if (fx_result_is_error(result)) {
 		fx_throw(result);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	fx_iterator *it = fx_directory_begin(
-		dir,
-		FX_DIRECTORY_ITERATE_PARENT_FIRST);
+	fx_iterator *it
+		= fx_directory_begin(dir, FX_DIRECTORY_ITERATE_PARENT_FIRST);
 	fx_foreach(val, it)
 	{
 		fx_directory_entry *entry = NULL;
 		fx_value_get_pointer(val, (void **)&entry);
-		printf("%s\n", fx_path_ptr(entry->filepath));
+		printf("%s\n", fx_path_get_cstr(entry->filepath));
 	}
 
 	fx_iterator_unref(it);

fx.serial/test/toml-decode.c

@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ void write_tagged_datetime(fx_datetime *data)
 
 	fx_stringstream *new_data = fx_stringstream_create();
 	fx_datetime_to_string(data, FX_DATETIME_FORMAT_RFC3339, new_data);
-	fx_stream_write_cstr(fx_stdout, fx_stringstream_ptr(new_data), NULL);
+	fx_stream_write_cstr(fx_stdout, fx_stringstream_get_cstr(new_data), NULL);
 
 	fx_stream_write_cstr(fx_stdout, "\" }", NULL);
 

fx.serial/toml.c

@@ -1852,7 +1852,6 @@ static fx_result parse_array_inline(struct ctx *ctx, fx_value *result)
 
 static fx_result parse_value(struct ctx *ctx, fx_value *result)
 {
-
 	struct token *tok = peek_token(ctx);
 	if (!tok) {
 		return FX_RESULT_ERR(BAD_FORMAT);

fx.term/include/fx/term/tty.h

@@ -50,6 +50,11 @@ enum {
 	FX_KEY_BACKSPACE,
 	FX_KEY_RETURN,
 
+	/* within this range, we further reserve a sub-range. applications can
+	 * define their own special keycode values within this range */
+	FX_KEY_RESERVED_START = 0xFFF00,
+	FX_KEY_RESERVED_END = 0xFFFFD,
+
 	FX_MOD_CTRL = 0x10000000,
 
 	FX_KEY_EOF = 0xFFFFFFFF,
@@ -153,6 +158,7 @@ FX_API void fx_tty_set_vmode(
 	struct fx_tty *tty,
 	const struct fx_tty_vmode *vmode);
 FX_API void fx_tty_reset_vmode(struct fx_tty *tty);
+FX_API void fx_tty_flush(struct fx_tty *tty);
 
 FX_API enum fx_status fx_tty_get_dimensions(
 	struct fx_tty *tty,

fx.term/sys/apple/tty.c

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200809L
+
 #include "../../tty.h"
 
-#include <fx/encoding.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
 #include <fx/term/tty.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
@@ -102,11 +104,11 @@ static void init_tty(struct fx_tty *tty, FILE *in, FILE *out)
 
 	tcgetattr(fd, &tty->t_ios_default);
 	memcpy(&tty->t_ios_raw, &tty->t_ios_default, sizeof tty->t_ios_raw);
+	setvbuf(out, NULL, _IOLBF, 4096);
 
-	tty->t_ios_raw.c_iflag &= ~(BRKINT | INPCK | ISTRIP | ICRNL | IXON);
+	tty->t_ios_raw.c_iflag &= ~(ICRNL | IXON);
 	tty->t_ios_raw.c_oflag &= ~(OPOST);
-	tty->t_ios_raw.c_cflag |= (CS8);
-	tty->t_ios_raw.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO | ICANON | IEXTEN | ISIG);
+	tty->t_ios_raw.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO | ICANON | IEXTEN);
 
 	tty->t_flags |= FX_TTY_INIT;
 }
@@ -207,6 +209,11 @@ void fx_tty_reset_vmode(struct fx_tty *tty)
 	tty->t_vmode.v_attrib = FX_TTY_ATTRIB_NORMAL;
 }
 
+void fx_tty_flush(struct fx_tty *tty)
+{
+	fflush(tty->t_out);
+}
+
 static int compare_colour(
 	const struct fx_tty_colour *a,
 	const struct fx_tty_colour *b)
@@ -408,24 +415,6 @@ void fx_tty_set_vmode(struct fx_tty *tty, const struct fx_tty_vmode *vmode)
 	memcpy(&tty->t_vmode, vmode, sizeof *vmode);
 }
 
-static fx_keycode read_utf8(int fd, char header, int len)
-{
-	char s[4] = {header, 0, 0, 0};
-
-	for (int i = 1; i < len; i++) {
-		char c;
-		int v = read(fd, &c, 1);
-
-		if (v != 1) {
-			return FX_KEY_EOF;
-		}
-
-		s[i] = c;
-	}
-
-	return fx_wchar_utf8_codepoint_decode(s);
-}
-
 fx_keycode fx_tty_read_key(struct fx_tty *tty)
 {
 	char c;
@@ -450,11 +439,6 @@ fx_keycode fx_tty_read_key(struct fx_tty *tty)
 			return FX_TTY_CTRL_KEY(c + 'a' - 1);
 		}
 
-		int utf8_len = fx_wchar_utf8_header_decode(c);
-		if (utf8_len > 1) {
-			return read_utf8(fd, c, utf8_len);
-		}
-
 		if (c != 0x1b) {
 			return c;
 		}
@@ -590,3 +574,62 @@ enum fx_status fx_tty_get_dimensions(
 
 	return 0;
 }
+
+enum fx_status fx_tty_get_cursor_position(
+	struct fx_tty *tty,
+	unsigned int *w,
+	unsigned int *h)
+{
+	if (!(tty->t_flags & FX_TTY_INTERACTIVE)) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	int in_fd = fileno(tty->t_in);
+	int out_fd = fileno(tty->t_out);
+
+	write(out_fd, "\x1b[6n", 4);
+
+	char c;
+	read(in_fd, &c, 1);
+	read(in_fd, &c, 1);
+
+	char s[16] = {0};
+	for (int i = 0; i < sizeof s - 1; i++) {
+		read(in_fd, &c, 1);
+		if (!isdigit(c)) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		s[i] = c;
+		s[i + 1] = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (w) {
+		if (s[0]) {
+			*w = atoi(s);
+		} else {
+			*w = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	s[0] = 0;
+	for (int i = 0; i < sizeof s - 1; i++) {
+		read(in_fd, &c, 1);
+		if (!isdigit(c)) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		s[i] = c;
+		s[i + 1] = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (h) {
+		if (s[0]) {
+			*h = atoi(s);
+		} else {
+			*h = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}

fx.term/sys/linux/tty.c

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include "../../tty.h"
 
+#include <ctype.h>
 #include <fx/term/tty.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ static void init_tty(struct fx_tty *tty, FILE *in, FILE *out)
 
 	tcgetattr(fd, &tty->t_ios_default);
 	memcpy(&tty->t_ios_raw, &tty->t_ios_default, sizeof tty->t_ios_raw);
+	setvbuf(out, NULL, _IOLBF, 4096);
 
 	tty->t_ios_raw.c_iflag &= ~(ICRNL | IXON);
 	tty->t_ios_raw.c_oflag &= ~(OPOST);
@@ -207,8 +209,14 @@ void fx_tty_reset_vmode(struct fx_tty *tty)
 	tty->t_vmode.v_attrib = FX_TTY_ATTRIB_NORMAL;
 }
 
+void fx_tty_flush(struct fx_tty *tty)
+{
+	fflush(tty->t_out);
+}
+
 static int compare_colour(
-	const struct fx_tty_colour *a, const struct fx_tty_colour *b)
+	const struct fx_tty_colour *a,
+	const struct fx_tty_colour *b)
 {
 	if (a->c_mode != b->c_mode) {
 		return -1;
@@ -245,7 +253,9 @@ static int compare_colour(
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int compare_vmode(const struct fx_tty_vmode *a, const struct fx_tty_vmode *b)
+static int compare_vmode(
+	const struct fx_tty_vmode *a,
+	const struct fx_tty_vmode *b)
 {
 	if (a->v_attrib != b->v_attrib) {
 		return -1;
@@ -273,45 +283,48 @@ static void put_ansi_attrib(struct fx_tty *tty, const char *s)
 }
 
 static void set_attrib(
-	struct fx_tty *tty, enum fx_tty_attrib old, enum fx_tty_attrib new)
+	struct fx_tty *tty,
+	enum fx_tty_attrib old,
+	enum fx_tty_attrib new)
 {
 	if (old == new) {
 		return;
 	}
 
 	/* Bold ON */
-	if (!(old & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_BOLD) && new &FX_TTY_ATTRIB_BOLD) {
+	if (!(old & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_BOLD) && new & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_BOLD) {
 		put_ansi_attrib(tty, ANSI_BOLD_ON);
 	}
 
 	/* Bold OFF */
-	if (old & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_BOLD && !(new &FX_TTY_ATTRIB_BOLD)) {
+	if (old & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_BOLD && !(new & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_BOLD)) {
 		put_ansi_attrib(tty, ANSI_BOLD_OFF);
 	}
 
 	/* Underline ON */
-	if (!(old & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_UNDERLINE) && new &FX_TTY_ATTRIB_UNDERLINE) {
+	if (!(old & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_UNDERLINE) && new & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_UNDERLINE) {
 		put_ansi_attrib(tty, ANSI_UNDERLINE_ON);
 	}
 
 	/* Underline OFF */
-	if (old & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_UNDERLINE && !(new &FX_TTY_ATTRIB_UNDERLINE)) {
+	if (old & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_UNDERLINE && !(new & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_UNDERLINE)) {
 		put_ansi_attrib(tty, ANSI_UNDERLINE_OFF);
 	}
 
 	/* Italic ON */
-	if (!(old & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_ITALIC) && new &FX_TTY_ATTRIB_ITALIC) {
+	if (!(old & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_ITALIC) && new & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_ITALIC) {
 		put_ansi_attrib(tty, ANSI_ITALIC_ON);
 	}
 
 	/* Italic OFF */
-	if (old & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_ITALIC && !(new &FX_TTY_ATTRIB_ITALIC)) {
+	if (old & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_ITALIC && !(new & FX_TTY_ATTRIB_ITALIC)) {
 		put_ansi_attrib(tty, ANSI_ITALIC_OFF);
 	}
 }
 
 static void set_fg(
-	struct fx_tty *tty, const struct fx_tty_colour *old,
+	struct fx_tty *tty,
+	const struct fx_tty_colour *old,
 	const struct fx_tty_colour *new)
 {
 	if (compare_colour(old, new) == 0) {
@@ -347,7 +360,8 @@ static void set_fg(
 }
 
 static void set_bg(
-	struct fx_tty *tty, const struct fx_tty_colour *old,
+	struct fx_tty *tty,
+	const struct fx_tty_colour *old,
 	const struct fx_tty_colour *new)
 {
 	if (compare_colour(old, new) == 0) {
@@ -460,7 +474,10 @@ fx_keycode fx_tty_read_key(struct fx_tty *tty)
 	return c;
 }
 
-void fx_tty_move_cursor_x(struct fx_tty *tty, enum fx_tty_position_base base, int pos)
+void fx_tty_move_cursor_x(
+	struct fx_tty *tty,
+	enum fx_tty_position_base base,
+	int pos)
 {
 	if (base == FX_TTY_POS_CURSOR && pos < 0 && pos >= -4) {
 		for (int i = 0; i > pos; i--) {
@@ -489,7 +506,10 @@ void fx_tty_move_cursor_x(struct fx_tty *tty, enum fx_tty_position_base base, in
 	}
 }
 
-void fx_tty_move_cursor_y(struct fx_tty *tty, enum fx_tty_position_base base, int pos)
+void fx_tty_move_cursor_y(
+	struct fx_tty *tty,
+	enum fx_tty_position_base base,
+	int pos)
 {
 	if (base == FX_TTY_POS_START) {
 		/* we don't need this functionality right now */
@@ -530,7 +550,9 @@ void fx_tty_clear(struct fx_tty *tty, enum fx_tty_clear_mode mode)
 }
 
 enum fx_status fx_tty_get_dimensions(
-	struct fx_tty *tty, unsigned int *w, unsigned int *h)
+	struct fx_tty *tty,
+	unsigned int *w,
+	unsigned int *h)
 {
 	if (!(tty->t_flags & FX_TTY_INTERACTIVE)) {
 		return -1;
@@ -552,3 +574,62 @@ enum fx_status fx_tty_get_dimensions(
 
 	return 0;
 }
+
+enum fx_status fx_tty_get_cursor_position(
+	struct fx_tty *tty,
+	unsigned int *w,
+	unsigned int *h)
+{
+	if (!(tty->t_flags & FX_TTY_INTERACTIVE)) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	int in_fd = fileno(tty->t_in);
+	int out_fd = fileno(tty->t_out);
+
+	write(out_fd, "\x1b[6n", 4);
+
+	char c;
+	read(in_fd, &c, 1);
+	read(in_fd, &c, 1);
+
+	char s[16] = {0};
+	for (int i = 0; i < sizeof s - 1; i++) {
+		read(in_fd, &c, 1);
+		if (!isdigit(c)) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		s[i] = c;
+		s[i + 1] = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (w) {
+		if (s[0]) {
+			*w = atoi(s);
+		} else {
+			*w = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	s[0] = 0;
+	for (int i = 0; i < sizeof s - 1; i++) {
+		read(in_fd, &c, 1);
+		if (!isdigit(c)) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		s[i] = c;
+		s[i + 1] = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (h) {
+		if (s[0]) {
+			*h = atoi(s);
+		} else {
+			*h = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}

fx.term/sys/rosetta/print.c

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200809L
+
+#include "../../print.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+int z__fx_stream_is_tty(FILE *fp)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int z__fx_stream_dimensions(FILE *fp, unsigned int *w, unsigned int *h)
+{
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int z__fx_stream_cursorpos(
+	FILE *in,
+	FILE *out,
+	unsigned int *x,
+	unsigned int *y)
+{
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int z__fx_stream_set_modifier(FILE *fp, enum z__fx_stream_modifier mod)
+{
+	return -1;
+}

fx.term/sys/rosetta/tty.c

@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200809L
+
+#include "../../tty.h"
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <fx/term/tty.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define ANSI_BOLD_ON          "1"
+#define ANSI_BOLD_OFF         "22"
+#define ANSI_ITALIC_ON        "3"
+#define ANSI_ITALIC_OFF       "23"
+#define ANSI_UNDERLINE_ON     "4"
+#define ANSI_UNDERLINE_OFF    "24"
+
+#define ANSI_DEFAULTCOLOUR_FG "39"
+#define ANSI_DEFAULTCOLOUR_BG "49"
+
+#define ANSI_256COLOUR_FG     "38;5"
+#define ANSI_256COLOUR_BG     "48;5"
+
+#define ANSI_TRUECOLOUR_FG    "38;2"
+#define ANSI_TRUECOLOUR_BG    "48;2"
+
+enum tty_flags {
+	FX_TTY_INIT = 0x01u,
+	FX_TTY_INTERACTIVE = 0x02u,
+};
+
+struct fx_tty {
+	FILE *t_in, *t_out;
+	enum tty_flags t_flags;
+	struct fx_tty_vmode t_vmode;
+	unsigned char t_mcount;
+	struct tty_format_buf t_format_buf;
+};
+
+static struct fx_tty std = {0};
+static struct fx_tty err = {0};
+
+static const char *ansi_colour16_fg[] = {
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BLACK] = "30",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_RED] = "31",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_GREEN] = "32",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_YELLOW] = "33",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_FX] = "34",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_MAGENTA] = "35",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_CYAN] = "36",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_WHITE] = "37",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_BLACK] = "90",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_RED] = "91",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_GREEN] = "92",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_YELLOW] = "93",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_FX] = "94",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_MAGENTA] = "95",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_CYAN] = "96",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_WHITE] = "97",
+};
+
+static const char *ansi_colour16_bg[] = {
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BLACK] = "40",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_RED] = "41",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_GREEN] = "42",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_YELLOW] = "43",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_FX] = "44",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_MAGENTA] = "45",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_CYAN] = "46",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_WHITE] = "47",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_BLACK] = "100",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_RED] = "101",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_GREEN] = "102",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_YELLOW] = "103",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_FX] = "104",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_MAGENTA] = "105",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_CYAN] = "106",
+	[FX_TTY_COLOUR16_BRIGHT_WHITE] = "107",
+};
+
+static void init_tty(struct fx_tty *tty, FILE *in, FILE *out)
+{
+}
+
+struct fx_tty *z__fx_tty_get_std(void)
+{
+	if (!(std.t_flags & FX_TTY_INIT)) {
+		init_tty(&std, stdin, stdout);
+	}
+
+	return &std;
+}
+
+struct fx_tty *z__fx_tty_get_err(void)
+{
+	if (!(err.t_flags & FX_TTY_INIT)) {
+		init_tty(&err, NULL, stderr);
+	}
+
+	return &err;
+}
+
+struct tty_format_buf *z__fx_tty_get_format_buf(struct fx_tty *tty)
+{
+	return &tty->t_format_buf;
+}
+
+void z__fx_tty_putc(struct fx_tty *tty, char c)
+{
+	fputc(c, tty->t_out);
+}
+
+bool fx_tty_is_interactive(const struct fx_tty *tty)
+{
+	return (tty->t_flags & FX_TTY_INTERACTIVE) == FX_TTY_INTERACTIVE;
+}
+
+void fx_tty_set_mode(struct fx_tty *tty, enum fx_tty_mode mode)
+{
+}
+
+void fx_tty_reset_vmode(struct fx_tty *tty)
+{
+}
+
+void fx_tty_flush(struct fx_tty *tty)
+{
+}
+
+static int compare_colour(
+	const struct fx_tty_colour *a,
+	const struct fx_tty_colour *b)
+{
+	if (a->c_mode != b->c_mode) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	switch (a->c_mode) {
+	case FX_TTY_COLOUR_16:
+		if (a->c_16.value != b->c_16.value) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		break;
+	case FX_TTY_COLOUR_256:
+		if (a->c_256.value != b->c_256.value) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		break;
+	case FX_TTY_COLOUR_TRUE:
+		if (a->c_true.r != b->c_true.r) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		if (a->c_true.g != b->c_true.g) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		if (a->c_true.b != b->c_true.b) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int compare_vmode(
+	const struct fx_tty_vmode *a,
+	const struct fx_tty_vmode *b)
+{
+	if (a->v_attrib != b->v_attrib) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (compare_colour(&a->v_fg, &b->v_fg) != 0) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (compare_colour(&a->v_bg, &b->v_bg) != 0) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void fx_tty_set_vmode(struct fx_tty *tty, const struct fx_tty_vmode *vmode)
+{
+}
+
+fx_keycode fx_tty_read_key(struct fx_tty *tty)
+{
+	return FX_KEY_EOF;
+}
+
+void fx_tty_move_cursor_x(
+	struct fx_tty *tty,
+	enum fx_tty_position_base base,
+	int pos)
+{
+}
+
+void fx_tty_move_cursor_y(
+	struct fx_tty *tty,
+	enum fx_tty_position_base base,
+	int pos)
+{
+}
+
+void fx_tty_clear(struct fx_tty *tty, enum fx_tty_clear_mode mode)
+{
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_tty_get_dimensions(
+	struct fx_tty *tty,
+	unsigned int *w,
+	unsigned int *h)
+{
+	return -1;
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_tty_get_cursor_position(
+	struct fx_tty *tty,
+	unsigned int *w,
+	unsigned int *h)
+{
+	return -1;
+}

fx/bytestream.c

@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+#include <fx/bytestream.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#define DEFAULT_CAPACITY 128
+
+/*** PRIVATE DATA *************************************************************/
+
+struct fx_bytestream_p {
+	unsigned char *s_buf;
+	size_t s_ptr;
+	size_t s_len;
+	size_t s_max;
+	unsigned char s_alloc;
+};
+
+/*** PRIVATE FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static enum fx_status __gets(
+	struct fx_bytestream_p *s,
+	unsigned char *buf,
+	size_t len,
+	size_t *nr_read)
+{
+	size_t available = s->s_len - s->s_ptr;
+	size_t to_copy = len;
+
+	if (available < to_copy) {
+		to_copy = available;
+	}
+
+	memcpy(buf, s->s_buf + s->s_ptr, to_copy);
+
+	s->s_ptr += to_copy;
+
+	if (s->s_ptr == s->s_len) {
+		s->s_ptr = s->s_len = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (nr_read) {
+		*nr_read = to_copy;
+	}
+
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status __puts(
+	struct fx_bytestream_p *s,
+	const unsigned char *buf,
+	size_t len,
+	size_t *nr_written)
+{
+	size_t available = s->s_max - s->s_len;
+	size_t to_copy = len;
+
+	if (to_copy > available && s->s_alloc == 1) {
+		unsigned char *new_buf
+			= realloc(s->s_buf, s->s_len + to_copy + 1);
+		if (!new_buf) {
+			return FX_ERR_NO_MEMORY;
+		}
+
+		s->s_buf = new_buf;
+		s->s_max = s->s_len + to_copy;
+		available = s->s_max - s->s_len;
+	}
+
+	if (available < to_copy) {
+		to_copy = available;
+	}
+
+	memcpy(s->s_buf + s->s_len, buf, to_copy);
+	s->s_buf[s->s_len + to_copy] = 0;
+
+	/* increment the length by the full byte length, even if only a
+	 * portion was copied */
+	s->s_len += len;
+
+	if (nr_written) {
+		*nr_written = to_copy;
+	}
+
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status bytestream_reset(struct fx_bytestream_p *s)
+{
+	s->s_len = 0;
+
+	if (s->s_buf) {
+		*s->s_buf = 0;
+	}
+
+	return FX_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static size_t bytestream_get_length(const struct fx_bytestream_p *strv)
+{
+	return strv->s_len;
+}
+
+static const unsigned char *bytestream_get_ptr(const struct fx_bytestream_p *s)
+{
+	return s->s_buf;
+}
+
+static unsigned char *bytestream_steal(struct fx_bytestream_p *s)
+{
+	unsigned char *out = s->s_buf;
+
+	memset(s, 0x0, sizeof *s);
+
+	s->s_alloc = 1;
+
+	return out;
+}
+
+/*** PUBLIC FUNCTIONS *********************************************************/
+
+fx_bytestream *fx_bytestream_create_view(unsigned char *buf, size_t max)
+{
+	fx_bytestream *s = fx_object_create(FX_TYPE_BYTESTREAM);
+	if (!s) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	fx_stream_cfg *cfg = fx_object_get_protected(s, FX_TYPE_STREAM);
+	struct fx_bytestream_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(s, FX_TYPE_BYTESTREAM);
+
+	cfg->s_mode = FX_STREAM_READ | FX_STREAM_WRITE | FX_STREAM_BINARY
+	            | Z__FX_STREAM_STATIC;
+
+	p->s_buf = buf;
+	p->s_max = max;
+	p->s_len = max;
+	p->s_alloc = 0;
+
+	return s;
+}
+
+fx_bytestream *fx_bytestream_create_readonly_view(
+	const unsigned char *buf,
+	size_t max)
+{
+	fx_bytestream *s = fx_object_create(FX_TYPE_BYTESTREAM);
+	if (!s) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	fx_stream_cfg *cfg = fx_object_get_protected(s, FX_TYPE_STREAM);
+	struct fx_bytestream_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(s, FX_TYPE_BYTESTREAM);
+
+	cfg->s_mode = FX_STREAM_READ | FX_STREAM_BINARY | Z__FX_STREAM_STATIC;
+
+	p->s_buf = (unsigned char *)buf;
+	p->s_max = max;
+	p->s_len = max;
+	p->s_alloc = 0;
+
+	return s;
+}
+
+fx_bytestream *fx_bytestream_create(void)
+{
+	fx_bytestream *s = fx_object_create(FX_TYPE_BYTESTREAM);
+	if (!s) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	fx_stream_cfg *cfg = fx_object_get_protected(s, FX_TYPE_STREAM);
+	struct fx_bytestream_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(s, FX_TYPE_BYTESTREAM);
+
+	cfg->s_mode = FX_STREAM_READ | FX_STREAM_WRITE | FX_STREAM_BINARY
+	            | Z__FX_STREAM_STATIC;
+
+	p->s_buf = malloc(DEFAULT_CAPACITY + 1);
+	if (!p->s_buf) {
+		fx_bytestream_unref(s);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	memset(p->s_buf, 0x0, DEFAULT_CAPACITY + 1);
+	p->s_max = DEFAULT_CAPACITY;
+	p->s_len = 0;
+	p->s_alloc = 1;
+
+	return s;
+}
+
+size_t fx_bytestream_get_length(const fx_bytestream *strv)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_TYPE_BYTESTREAM,
+		bytestream_get_length,
+		strv);
+}
+
+enum fx_status fx_bytestream_reset(fx_bytestream *strv)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_BYTESTREAM, bytestream_reset, strv);
+}
+
+const unsigned char *fx_bytestream_get_ptr(const fx_bytestream *s)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_BYTESTREAM, bytestream_get_ptr, s);
+}
+
+unsigned char *fx_bytestream_steal(fx_bytestream *s)
+{
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_BYTESTREAM, bytestream_steal, s);
+}
+
+/*** VIRTUAL FUNCTIONS ********************************************************/
+
+static void bytestream_init(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_bytestream_p *stream = priv;
+}
+
+static void bytestream_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
+{
+	struct fx_bytestream_p *stream = priv;
+
+	if (stream->s_alloc && stream->s_buf) {
+		free(stream->s_buf);
+	}
+}
+
+static enum fx_status stream_read(
+	fx_stream *stream,
+	void *buf,
+	size_t count,
+	size_t *nr_read)
+{
+	struct fx_bytestream_p *s
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_BYTESTREAM);
+
+	enum fx_status status = __gets(s, buf, count, nr_read);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+static enum fx_status stream_write(
+	fx_stream *stream,
+	const void *buf,
+	size_t count,
+	size_t *nr_written)
+{
+	struct fx_bytestream_p *s
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_BYTESTREAM);
+
+	enum fx_status status
+		= __puts(s, (const unsigned char *)buf, count, nr_written);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+/*** CLASS DEFINITION *********************************************************/
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_BEGIN(fx_bytestream)
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_BEGIN(fx_stream, FX_TYPE_STREAM)
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_close) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_seek) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_tell) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_getc) = NULL;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_read) = stream_read;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_write) = stream_write;
+		FX_INTERFACE_ENTRY(s_reserve) = NULL;
+	FX_TYPE_VTABLE_INTERFACE_END(fx_stream, FX_TYPE_STREAM)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_END(fx_bytestream)
+
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_BEGIN(fx_bytestream)
+	FX_TYPE_ID(0xdcb7fb3a, 0xc476, 0x4c0b, 0xad5a, 0x039d1190a5b7);
+	FX_TYPE_EXTENDS(FX_TYPE_STREAM);
+	FX_TYPE_CLASS(fx_bytestream_class);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_PRIVATE(struct fx_bytestream_p);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_INIT(bytestream_init);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_FINI(bytestream_fini);
+FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_bytestream)

fx/encoding.c

@@ -1217,11 +1217,8 @@ static bool wchar_is_control(fx_wchar c)
 		return true;
 	}
 
-	if (c == 0xFEFF) {
-		return true;
-	}
-
-	if (c >= 0xFFF9 && c <= 0xFFFB) {
+	/* treat the reserved range as control characters */
+	if (c >= 0xF0000 && c <= 0xFFFFD) {
 		return true;
 	}
 

fx/global.c

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#include <fx/global.h>
+#include <fx/thread.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+static fx_queue globals = FX_QUEUE_INIT;
+static fx_mutex globals_lock = FX_MUTEX_INIT;
+
+struct global {
+	fx_object *g_object;
+	fx_queue_entry g_entry;
+};
+
+void fx_cleanup_global(void)
+{
+	fx_queue_entry *cur = fx_queue_first(&globals);
+	while (cur) {
+		struct global *global = fx_unbox(struct global, cur, g_entry);
+		cur = fx_queue_next(cur);
+
+		fx_object_unref(global->g_object);
+		free(global);
+	}
+}
+
+void fx_register_global(fx_object *obj)
+{
+	struct global *global = malloc(sizeof *global);
+	if (!global) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	memset(global, 0x0, sizeof *global);
+
+	global->g_object = fx_object_ref(obj);
+	fx_mutex_lock(&globals_lock);
+	fx_queue_push_back(&globals, &global->g_entry);
+	fx_mutex_unlock(&globals_lock);
+}

fx/include/fx/bytestream.h

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#ifndef FX_CORE_BYTESTREAM_H_
+#define FX_CORE_BYTESTREAM_H_
+
+#include <fx/macros.h>
+#include <fx/misc.h>
+#include <fx/status.h>
+#include <fx/stream.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+FX_DECLS_BEGIN;
+
+#define FX_TYPE_BYTESTREAM (fx_bytestream_get_type())
+
+FX_DECLARE_TYPE(fx_bytestream);
+
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_DECLARATION_BEGIN(fx_bytestream)
+FX_TYPE_CLASS_DECLARATION_END(fx_bytestream)
+
+FX_API fx_type_id fx_bytestream_get_type(void);
+
+FX_API fx_bytestream *fx_bytestream_create(void);
+FX_API fx_bytestream *fx_bytestream_create_view(unsigned char *buf, size_t max);
+FX_API fx_bytestream *fx_bytestream_create_readonly_view(
+	const unsigned char *buf,
+	size_t max);
+
+FX_API fx_status fx_bytestream_reset(fx_bytestream *strv);
+
+FX_API const unsigned char *fx_bytestream_get_ptr(const fx_bytestream *strv);
+FX_API unsigned char *fx_bytestream_steal(fx_bytestream *strv);
+
+FX_API size_t fx_bytestream_get_length(const fx_bytestream *strv);
+FX_API size_t fx_bytestream_get_available(const fx_bytestream *strv);
+
+FX_DECLS_END;
+
+#endif

fx/include/fx/global.h

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#ifndef FX_GLOBAL_H_
+#define FX_GLOBAL_H_
+
+#include <fx/misc.h>
+#include <fx/object.h>
+
+FX_API void fx_register_global(fx_object *obj);
+FX_API void fx_cleanup_global(void);
+
+#endif

fx/include/fx/object.h

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ typedef struct _fx_object_class {
 		FX_TYPE_FWDREF(fx_stream) *,
 		const char *);
 	fx_status (*hash)(const struct fx_value *, uint64_t *);
+	fx_status (*clone)(const struct fx_value *, struct fx_value *);
 } fx_object_class;
 
 FX_API fx_type_id fx_object_get_type(void);
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ FX_API fx_status fx_object_to_string(
 	const fx_object *p,
 	FX_TYPE_FWDREF(fx_stream) * out,
 	const char *format);
+FX_API fx_status fx_object_clone(const fx_object *src, fx_object **dest);
 FX_API bool fx_object_is_type(const fx_object *p, fx_type_id type);
 
 #endif

fx/include/fx/string.h

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ fx_string_insert_cstrf(fx_string *dest, size_t at, const char *format, ...);
 FX_API void fx_string_clear(fx_string *str);
 
 FX_API fx_iterator *fx_string_tokenise(
-	fx_string *str,
+	const fx_string *str,
 	const char *delims[],
 	size_t nr_delims,
 	fx_string_tokenise_flags flags);

fx/include/fx/stringstream.h

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ FX_API fx_status fx_stringstream_reset(fx_stringstream *strv);
 FX_API fx_status
 fx_stringstream_reset_with_buffer(fx_stringstream *strv, char *buf, size_t max);
 
-FX_API const char *fx_stringstream_ptr(const fx_stringstream *strv);
+FX_API const char *fx_stringstream_get_cstr(const fx_stringstream *strv);
 FX_API char *fx_stringstream_steal(fx_stringstream *strv);
 
 FX_API size_t fx_stringstream_get_length(const fx_stringstream *strv);

fx/iterator.c

@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ static enum fx_status iterator_set_status(
 
 const fx_iterator *fx_iterator_begin(const fx_iterable *it)
 {
+	if (!it) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
 	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_VIRTUAL_0(
 		fx_iterable,
 		FX_TYPE_ITERABLE,
@@ -35,11 +39,19 @@ const fx_iterator *fx_iterator_begin(const fx_iterable *it)
 
 enum fx_status fx_iterator_get_status(const fx_iterator *it)
 {
+	if (!it) {
+		return FX_ERR_NO_DATA;
+	}
+
 	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_ITERATOR, iterator_get_status, it);
 }
 
 enum fx_status fx_iterator_set_status(const fx_iterator *it, fx_status status)
 {
+	if (!it) {
+		return FX_ERR_NO_DATA;
+	}
+
 	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC(
 		FX_TYPE_ITERATOR,
 		iterator_set_status,
@@ -49,11 +61,14 @@ enum fx_status fx_iterator_set_status(const fx_iterator *it, fx_status status)
 
 enum fx_status fx_iterator_move_next(const fx_iterator *it)
 {
+	if (!it) {
+		return FX_ERR_NO_DATA;
+	}
+
 	enum fx_status status = FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
 
-	fx_iterator_class *iface = fx_object_get_interface(
-		it,
-		FX_TYPE_ITERATOR);
+	fx_iterator_class *iface
+		= fx_object_get_interface(it, FX_TYPE_ITERATOR);
 	if (iface && iface->it_move_next) {
 		status = iface->it_move_next(it);
 	}
@@ -66,6 +81,10 @@ enum fx_status fx_iterator_move_next(const fx_iterator *it)
 
 const fx_value *fx_iterator_get_value(const fx_iterator *it)
 {
+	if (!it) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
 	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_VIRTUAL_0(
 		fx_iterator,
 		FX_TYPE_ITERATOR,
@@ -76,11 +95,14 @@ const fx_value *fx_iterator_get_value(const fx_iterator *it)
 
 fx_status fx_iterator_erase(fx_iterator *it)
 {
+	if (!it) {
+		return FX_ERR_NO_DATA;
+	}
+
 	enum fx_status status = FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
 
-	fx_iterator_class *iface = fx_object_get_interface(
-		it,
-		FX_TYPE_ITERATOR);
+	fx_iterator_class *iface
+		= fx_object_get_interface(it, FX_TYPE_ITERATOR);
 	if (iface && iface->it_erase) {
 		status = iface->it_erase(it);
 	}

fx/object.c

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_object)
 
 fx_type_id fx_object_query_type(const struct _fx_object *obj)
 {
-	return &obj->obj_type->ty_id;
+	return obj ? &obj->obj_type->ty_id : NULL;
 }
 
 fx_result fx_object_instantiate(
@@ -98,6 +98,23 @@ fx_status fx_object_to_string(
 	return FX_SUCCESS;
 }
 
+fx_status fx_object_clone(const fx_object *src, fx_object **dest)
+{
+	fx_object_class *iface = fx_object_get_interface(src, FX_TYPE_OBJECT);
+	fx_value dest_v = FX_VALUE_EMPTY;
+	if (!iface || !iface->clone) {
+		return FX_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+	}
+
+	fx_status status = iface->clone(&FX_VALUE_OBJECT(src), &dest_v);
+	if (!FX_OK(status)) {
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	fx_value_get_object(&dest_v, dest);
+	return status;
+}
+
 bool fx_object_is_type(const struct _fx_object *p, fx_type_id type)
 {
 	if (!p) {
@@ -200,12 +217,19 @@ enum fx_status fx_object_get_data(
 
 struct _fx_object *fx_object_ref(struct _fx_object *p)
 {
-	p->obj_ref++;
+	if (p) {
+		p->obj_ref++;
+	}
+
 	return p;
 }
 
 void fx_object_unref(struct _fx_object *p)
 {
+	if (!p) {
+		return;
+	}
+
 	if (p->obj_ref > 1) {
 		p->obj_ref--;
 		return;

fx/stream.c

@@ -642,9 +642,8 @@ static fx_stream *init_stdio_stream(FILE *fp, fx_stream_mode mode)
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	struct fx_stdio_stream_p *p = fx_object_get_private(
-		stream,
-		FX_TYPE_STDIO_STREAM);
+	struct fx_stdio_stream_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_STDIO_STREAM);
 	fx_stream_cfg *cfg = fx_object_get_protected(stream, FX_TYPE_STREAM);
 	p->s_fp = fp;
 	cfg->s_mode = mode;
@@ -681,8 +680,8 @@ static enum fx_status stream_push_indent(struct stream_data *stream, int indent)
 		stream->s_private->s_istack_size += 4;
 	}
 
-	int cur_indent = stream->s_private
-	                         ->s_istack[stream->s_private->s_istack_ptr];
+	int cur_indent
+		= stream->s_private->s_istack[stream->s_private->s_istack_ptr];
 	stream->s_private->s_istack[++stream->s_private->s_istack_ptr]
 		= cur_indent + indent;
 
@@ -750,9 +749,8 @@ fx_stream_buffer *fx_stream_buffer_create_dynamic(size_t buffer_size)
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	struct fx_stream_buffer_p *p = fx_object_get_private(
-		buffer,
-		FX_TYPE_STREAM_BUFFER);
+	struct fx_stream_buffer_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(buffer, FX_TYPE_STREAM_BUFFER);
 
 	p->p_buf = malloc(buffer_size);
 	if (!p->p_buf) {
@@ -773,9 +771,8 @@ fx_stream_buffer *fx_stream_buffer_create(void *buf, size_t len)
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	struct fx_stream_buffer_p *p = fx_object_get_private(
-		buffer,
-		FX_TYPE_STREAM_BUFFER);
+	struct fx_stream_buffer_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(buffer, FX_TYPE_STREAM_BUFFER);
 
 	p->p_buf = buf;
 	p->p_buf_len = len;
@@ -1130,15 +1127,14 @@ static enum fx_status stdio_read(
 	size_t max,
 	size_t *nr_read)
 {
-	struct fx_stdio_stream_p *p = fx_object_get_private(
-		stream,
-		FX_TYPE_STDIO_STREAM);
+	struct fx_stdio_stream_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_STDIO_STREAM);
 
 	enum fx_status status = FX_SUCCESS;
 
 	size_t count = fread(out, 1, max, p->s_fp);
 
-	if (ferror(p->s_fp)) {
+	if (count == 0 && ferror(p->s_fp)) {
 		status = FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE;
 	}
 
@@ -1152,14 +1148,13 @@ static enum fx_status stdio_write(
 	size_t count,
 	size_t *nr_written)
 {
-	struct fx_stdio_stream_p *p = fx_object_get_private(
-		stream,
-		FX_TYPE_STDIO_STREAM);
+	struct fx_stdio_stream_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_STDIO_STREAM);
 
 	enum fx_status status = FX_SUCCESS;
 	size_t w = fwrite(data, 1, count, p->s_fp);
 
-	if (ferror(p->s_fp)) {
+	if (count == 0 && ferror(p->s_fp)) {
 		status = FX_ERR_IO_FAILURE;
 	}
 
@@ -1172,9 +1167,8 @@ static enum fx_status stdio_seek(
 	long long offset,
 	fx_stream_seek_origin origin)
 {
-	struct fx_stdio_stream_p *p = fx_object_get_private(
-		stream,
-		FX_TYPE_STDIO_STREAM);
+	struct fx_stdio_stream_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_STDIO_STREAM);
 
 	int whence = 0;
 	switch (origin) {
@@ -1201,9 +1195,8 @@ static enum fx_status stdio_seek(
 
 static enum fx_status stdio_tell(const fx_stream *stream, size_t *cursor)
 {
-	struct fx_stdio_stream_p *p = fx_object_get_private(
-		stream,
-		FX_TYPE_STDIO_STREAM);
+	struct fx_stdio_stream_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_STDIO_STREAM);
 
 	long pos = ftell(p->s_fp);
 	if (pos == -1L) {

fx/string.c

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ struct fx_string_p {
 struct fx_string_iterator_p {
 	int _m, _f;
 	fx_string *_tmp;
-	struct fx_string_p *_s_p, *_tmp_p;
+	const struct fx_string_p *_s_p, *_tmp_p;
 
 	const char **_d;
 	size_t _nd, _ds;
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ static fx_string *string_duplicate(const struct fx_string_p *str)
 	const char *src = string_ptr(str);
 	char *dst = string_ptr(new_str_p);
 
-	memcpy(dst, src, str->s_len);
+	memcpy(dst, src, str->s_len + 1);
 	new_str_p->s_len = str->s_len;
 	new_str_p->s_codepoints = str->s_codepoints;
 
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ static fx_status string_replace_all_with_stringstream(
 	size_t new_len = fx_stringstream_get_length(new_data);
 	string_reserve(str, new_len);
 	char *dest = string_ptr(str);
-	memcpy(dest, fx_stringstream_ptr(new_data), new_len);
+	memcpy(dest, fx_stringstream_get_cstr(new_data), new_len);
 	dest[new_len] = '\0';
 
 	str->s_len = new_len;
@@ -513,7 +513,8 @@ static enum fx_status remove_ansi(
 	memmove(removal_start, excess_src, excess_length);
 	s[new_str_len] = '\0';
 
-	str->s_len = new_str_len;
+	str->s_len -= length;
+	str->s_codepoints -= length;
 
 	return FX_SUCCESS;
 }
@@ -1023,7 +1024,7 @@ static enum fx_status find_next_token(struct fx_string_iterator_p *it)
 }
 
 static fx_iterator *string_tokenise(
-	struct fx_string_p *str,
+	const struct fx_string_p *str,
 	const char *delims[],
 	size_t nr_delims,
 	fx_string_tokenise_flags flags)
@@ -1390,7 +1391,7 @@ void fx_string_clear(fx_string *str)
 }
 
 fx_iterator *fx_string_tokenise(
-	fx_string *str,
+	const fx_string *str,
 	const char *delims[],
 	size_t nr_delims,
 	fx_string_tokenise_flags flags)
@@ -1574,10 +1575,9 @@ static fx_status get_length(
 
 /*** ITERATOR FUNCTIONS *******************************************************/
 
-static void iterator_fini(fx_iterator *obj)
+static void iterator_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
 {
-	struct fx_string_iterator_p *it
-		= fx_object_get_private(obj, FX_TYPE_STRING_ITERATOR);
+	struct fx_string_iterator_p *it = priv;
 	if (it->_tmp) {
 		fx_string_unref(it->_tmp);
 	}
@@ -1840,4 +1840,5 @@ FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_BEGIN(fx_string_iterator)
 	FX_TYPE_EXTENDS(FX_TYPE_ITERATOR);
 	FX_TYPE_CLASS(fx_string_iterator_class);
 	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_PRIVATE(struct fx_string_iterator_p);
+	FX_TYPE_INSTANCE_FINI(iterator_fini);
 FX_TYPE_DEFINITION_END(fx_string_iterator)

fx/stringstream.c

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ static size_t stringstream_get_length(const struct fx_stringstream_p *strv)
 	return strv->ss_len;
 }
 
-static const char *stringstream_ptr(const struct fx_stringstream_p *ss)
+static const char *stringstream_get_cstr(const struct fx_stringstream_p *ss)
 {
 	return ss->ss_buf;
 }
@@ -167,9 +167,8 @@ fx_stringstream *fx_stringstream_create_with_buffer(char *buf, size_t max)
 	}
 
 	fx_stream_cfg *cfg = fx_object_get_protected(s, FX_TYPE_STREAM);
-	struct fx_stringstream_p *p = fx_object_get_private(
-		s,
-		FX_TYPE_STRINGSTREAM);
+	struct fx_stringstream_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(s, FX_TYPE_STRINGSTREAM);
 
 	cfg->s_mode = FX_STREAM_READ | FX_STREAM_WRITE | Z__FX_STREAM_STATIC;
 
@@ -189,9 +188,8 @@ fx_stringstream *fx_stringstream_create(void)
 	}
 
 	fx_stream_cfg *cfg = fx_object_get_protected(s, FX_TYPE_STREAM);
-	struct fx_stringstream_p *p = fx_object_get_private(
-		s,
-		FX_TYPE_STRINGSTREAM);
+	struct fx_stringstream_p *p
+		= fx_object_get_private(s, FX_TYPE_STRINGSTREAM);
 
 	cfg->s_mode = FX_STREAM_READ | FX_STREAM_WRITE | Z__FX_STREAM_STATIC;
 
@@ -238,9 +236,12 @@ enum fx_status fx_stringstream_reset_with_buffer(
 		max);
 }
 
-const char *fx_stringstream_ptr(const fx_stringstream *ss)
+const char *fx_stringstream_get_cstr(const fx_stringstream *ss)
 {
-	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(FX_TYPE_STRINGSTREAM, stringstream_ptr, ss);
+	FX_CLASS_DISPATCH_STATIC_0(
+		FX_TYPE_STRINGSTREAM,
+		stringstream_get_cstr,
+		ss);
 }
 
 char *fx_stringstream_steal(fx_stringstream *ss)
@@ -268,41 +269,38 @@ static void stringstream_fini(fx_object *obj, void *priv)
 	}
 }
 
-enum fx_status stream_getc(fx_stream *stream, fx_wchar *c)
+static enum fx_status stream_getc(fx_stream *stream, fx_wchar *c)
 {
-	struct fx_stringstream_p *s = fx_object_get_private(
-		stream,
-		FX_TYPE_STRINGSTREAM);
+	struct fx_stringstream_p *s
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_STRINGSTREAM);
 
 	enum fx_status status = __getc(s, c);
 
 	return status;
 }
 
-enum fx_status stream_read(
+static enum fx_status stream_read(
 	fx_stream *stream,
 	void *buf,
 	size_t count,
 	size_t *nr_read)
 {
-	struct fx_stringstream_p *s = fx_object_get_private(
-		stream,
-		FX_TYPE_STRINGSTREAM);
+	struct fx_stringstream_p *s
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_STRINGSTREAM);
 
 	enum fx_status status = __gets(s, buf, count, nr_read);
 
 	return status;
 }
 
-enum fx_status stream_write(
+static enum fx_status stream_write(
 	fx_stream *stream,
 	const void *buf,
 	size_t count,
 	size_t *nr_written)
 {
-	struct fx_stringstream_p *s = fx_object_get_private(
-		stream,
-		FX_TYPE_STRINGSTREAM);
+	struct fx_stringstream_p *s
+		= fx_object_get_private(stream, FX_TYPE_STRINGSTREAM);
 
 	enum fx_status status = __puts(s, (const char *)buf, count, nr_written);
 

fx/sys/apple/mutex.c

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#include <fx/thread.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+bool fx_mutex_lock(fx_mutex *mut)
+{
+	return pthread_mutex_lock(mut) == 0;
+}
+
+bool fx_mutex_trylock(fx_mutex *mut)
+{
+	return pthread_mutex_trylock(mut) == 0;
+}
+
+bool fx_mutex_unlock(fx_mutex *mut)
+{
+	return pthread_mutex_trylock(mut) == 0;
+}

fx/sys/linux/mutex.c

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#include <fx/thread.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+bool fx_mutex_lock(fx_mutex *mut)
+{
+	return pthread_mutex_lock(mut) == 0;
+}
+
+bool fx_mutex_trylock(fx_mutex *mut)
+{
+	return pthread_mutex_trylock(mut) == 0;
+}
+
+bool fx_mutex_unlock(fx_mutex *mut)
+{
+	return pthread_mutex_trylock(mut) == 0;
+}

fx/sys/rosetta/mutex.c

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#include <fx/thread.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+bool fx_mutex_lock(fx_mutex *mut)
+{
+	return pthread_mutex_lock(mut) == 0;
+}
+
+bool fx_mutex_trylock(fx_mutex *mut)
+{
+	return pthread_mutex_trylock(mut) == 0;
+}
+
+bool fx_mutex_unlock(fx_mutex *mut)
+{
+	return pthread_mutex_trylock(mut) == 0;
+}

fx/type.c

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 #include <fx/bst.h>
 #include <fx/endian.h>
+#include <fx/global.h>
 #include <fx/int.h>
 #include <fx/object.h>
 #include <fx/reflection/function.h>
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@
 
 static struct fx_bst type_idmap = FX_BST_INIT;
 static struct fx_namemap type_namemap = FX_NAMEMAP_INIT;
+static fx_once runtime_cleanup_init = FX_ONCE_INIT;
 static union fx_type_id zero_id = {0};
 
 struct type_init_ctx {
@@ -23,6 +25,37 @@ struct type_init_ctx {
 	size_t ctx_instance_offset;
 };
 
+static fx_result fx_type_destroy(struct fx_type_info *info);
+
+static void type_namemap_cleanup(struct fx_namemap_entry *entry)
+{
+	struct fx_type_info *ty
+		= fx_unbox(struct fx_type_info, entry, ty_namemap_entry);
+	fx_type_destroy(ty);
+}
+
+static void function_namemap_cleanup(struct fx_namemap_entry *entry)
+{
+	struct fx_type_function *func
+		= fx_unbox(struct fx_type_function, entry, f_entry);
+	fx_function_unref(func->f_func);
+	free(func);
+}
+
+static void property_namemap_cleanup(struct fx_namemap_entry *entry)
+{
+	struct fx_type_property *prop
+		= fx_unbox(struct fx_type_property, entry, p_entry);
+	fx_property_unref(prop->p_prop);
+	free(prop);
+}
+
+static void runtime_cleanup(void)
+{
+	fx_cleanup_global();
+	// fx_namemap_cleanup(&type_namemap, type_namemap_cleanup);
+}
+
 static inline int type_info_compare(
 	const struct fx_type_info *a,
 	const struct fx_type_info *b)
@@ -56,10 +89,8 @@ static struct fx_type_info *get_type(
 {
 	fx_bst_node *cur = tree->bst_root;
 	while (cur) {
-		struct fx_type_info *cur_node = fx_unbox(
-			struct fx_type_info,
-			cur,
-			ty_idmap_node);
+		struct fx_type_info *cur_node
+			= fx_unbox(struct fx_type_info, cur, ty_idmap_node);
 		int cmp = fx_type_id_compare(key, &cur_node->ty_id);
 
 		if (cmp > 0) {
@@ -80,10 +111,8 @@ struct fx_type_component *fx_type_get_component(
 {
 	fx_bst_node *cur = tree->bst_root;
 	while (cur) {
-		struct fx_type_component *cur_node = fx_unbox(
-			struct fx_type_component,
-			cur,
-			c_node);
+		struct fx_type_component *cur_node
+			= fx_unbox(struct fx_type_component, cur, c_node);
 		int cmp = fx_type_id_compare(key, &cur_node->c_type->ty_id);
 
 		if (cmp > 0) {
@@ -151,16 +180,14 @@ static fx_result locate_interface(
 	struct fx_type_info *dest,
 	struct type_init_ctx *init_ctx)
 {
-	struct fx_type_component *interface_comp = fx_type_get_component(
-		&dest->ty_components,
-		interface_id);
+	struct fx_type_component *interface_comp
+		= fx_type_get_component(&dest->ty_components, interface_id);
 	if (interface_comp) {
 		return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
 	}
 
-	struct fx_type_info *interface_reg = get_type(
-		&type_idmap,
-		interface_id);
+	struct fx_type_info *interface_reg
+		= get_type(&type_idmap, interface_id);
 	if (!interface_reg) {
 		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_ENTRY);
 	}
@@ -227,9 +254,8 @@ static fx_result find_type_components(struct fx_type_info *type)
 	}
 
 	while (1) {
-		struct fx_type_info *dep_class = get_type(
-			&type_idmap,
-			current_id);
+		struct fx_type_info *dep_class
+			= get_type(&type_idmap, current_id);
 		if (!dep_class) {
 			return FX_RESULT_ERR(NO_ENTRY);
 		}
@@ -302,6 +328,10 @@ static bool type_has_base_class(struct fx_type_info *info)
 
 fx_result fx_type_register(struct fx_type_info *info)
 {
+	if (fx_init_once(&runtime_cleanup_init)) {
+		atexit(runtime_cleanup);
+	}
+
 	if (!type_has_base_class(info)) {
 		fx_type_id_copy(FX_TYPE_OBJECT, &info->ty_parent_id);
 	}
@@ -340,12 +370,34 @@ fx_result fx_type_register(struct fx_type_info *info)
 	return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
+static fx_result fx_type_destroy(struct fx_type_info *info)
+{
+	info->ty_category = FX_TYPE_CLASS;
+
+	union fx_type_id metatype = {0};
+
+	fx_bst_node *cur = fx_bst_first(&info->ty_components);
+	while (cur) {
+		struct fx_type_component *component
+			= fx_unbox(struct fx_type_component, cur, c_node);
+		cur = fx_bst_next(cur);
+
+		free(component);
+	}
+
+	fx_namemap_cleanup(&info->ty_properties, property_namemap_cleanup);
+	fx_namemap_cleanup(&info->ty_functions, function_namemap_cleanup);
+
+	fx_type_unref(info->ty_metatype);
+
+	return FX_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
 fx_result fx_type_add_function(fx_type_info *info, struct _fx_object *func)
 {
 	const char *name = fx_function_get_name(func);
-	struct fx_namemap_entry *entry = fx_namemap_get(
-		&info->ty_functions,
-		name);
+	struct fx_namemap_entry *entry
+		= fx_namemap_get(&info->ty_functions, name);
 	if (entry) {
 		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NAME_EXISTS);
 	}
@@ -366,9 +418,8 @@ fx_result fx_type_add_function(fx_type_info *info, struct _fx_object *func)
 fx_result fx_type_add_property(fx_type_info *info, struct _fx_object *prop)
 {
 	const char *name = fx_property_get_name(prop);
-	struct fx_namemap_entry *entry = fx_namemap_get(
-		&info->ty_functions,
-		name);
+	struct fx_namemap_entry *entry
+		= fx_namemap_get(&info->ty_functions, name);
 	if (entry) {
 		return FX_RESULT_ERR(NAME_EXISTS);
 	}
@@ -410,10 +461,8 @@ fx_function *fx_type_info_get_function_by_name(
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	struct fx_type_function *func = fx_unbox(
-		struct fx_type_function,
-		entry,
-		f_entry);
+	struct fx_type_function *func
+		= fx_unbox(struct fx_type_function, entry, f_entry);
 	return func->f_func;
 }
 
@@ -426,9 +475,7 @@ fx_function *fx_type_info_get_property_by_name(
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	struct fx_type_property *prop = fx_unbox(
-		struct fx_type_property,
-		entry,
-		p_entry);
+	struct fx_type_property *prop
+		= fx_unbox(struct fx_type_property, entry, p_entry);
 	return prop->p_prop;
 }

fx/value.c

@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ static fx_status value_change_string(fx_value *in, fx_value *out)
 	}
 
 	fx_string *result
-		= fx_string_create_from_cstr(fx_stringstream_ptr(strm));
+		= fx_string_create_from_cstr(fx_stringstream_get_cstr(strm));
 	fx_stringstream_unref(strm);
 
 	if (!result) {

test/cat.c

@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	const char *path_cstr = argv[1];
-	fx_path *path = fx_path_create_from_cstr(path_cstr);
+	const char *path = argv[1];
 
 	fx_file *src = NULL;
-	fx_result result = fx_file_open(NULL, path, FX_FILE_READ_ONLY, &src);
+	fx_result result
+		= fx_file_open(NULL, FX_CSTR(path), FX_FILE_READ_ONLY, &src);
 	if (fx_result_is_error(result)) {
 		fx_throw(result);
 		return -1;

test/cat1.c

@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	const char *path_cstr = argv[1];
-	fx_path *path = fx_path_create_from_cstr(path_cstr);
+	const char *path = argv[1];
 
 	fx_file *src = NULL;
-	fx_result result = fx_file_open(NULL, path, FX_FILE_READ_ONLY, &src);
+	fx_result result
+		= fx_file_open(NULL, FX_CSTR(path), FX_FILE_READ_ONLY, &src);
 	if (fx_result_is_error(result)) {
 		fx_throw(result);
 		return -1;

test/hello.c

@@ -1,40 +1,27 @@
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <fx/diagnostics/process.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 
-static int another_function(int a, double b, int c)
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	printf("a=%d, b=%lf, c=%d\n", a, b, c);
-	return 2;
-}
+	printf("%d args:\n", argc);
 
-static int test_function(int a, int b, int c, ...)
-{
-	va_list args;
-	va_start(args, c);
-	int d = va_arg(args, int);
-	int e = va_arg(args, int);
-	int f = va_arg(args, int);
-	int g = va_arg(args, int);
-	int h = va_arg(args, int);
-	int i = va_arg(args, int);
-	int j = va_arg(args, int);
-	printf("a=%d, b=%d, c=%d, d=%d, e=%d, f=%d, g=%d, h=%d, i=%d, j=%d\n",
-	       a,
-	       b,
-	       c,
-	       d,
-	       e,
-	       f,
-	       g,
-	       h,
-	       i,
-	       j);
-	return a + b + c + d + e;
-}
+	for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		printf("%s\n", argv[i]);
+	}
+
+	printf("environment:\n");
+	fx_process *self = fx_process_get_self();
+	const fx_hashtable *env = fx_process_get_environment(self);
+	fx_object_to_string(env, fx_stdout, NULL);
+	printf("\n");
+
+	printf("read from stdin...\n");
+	char line[128];
+	if (fgets(line, sizeof line, stdin)) {
+		printf("read: %s\n", line);
+	} else {
+		printf("read failed\n");
+	}
 
-int main(void)
-{
-	test_function(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10);
-	another_function(1, 2.5, 5);
 	return 0;
 }

test/json-read.c

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	const char *path_cstr = argv[1];
-	fx_path *path = fx_path_create_from_cstr(path_cstr);
+	const char *path = argv[1];
 
 	fx_file *src = NULL;
-	fx_result result = fx_file_open(NULL, path, FX_FILE_READ_ONLY, &src);
+	fx_result result
+		= fx_file_open(NULL, FX_CSTR(path), FX_FILE_READ_ONLY, &src);
 	if (fx_result_is_error(result)) {
 		fx_throw(result);
 		return -1;

test/toml-read.c

@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	const char *path_cstr = argv[1];
-	fx_path *path = fx_path_create_from_cstr(path_cstr);
+	const char *path = argv[1];
 
 	fx_file *src = NULL;
-	fx_result result = fx_file_open(NULL, path, FX_FILE_READ_ONLY, &src);
+	fx_result result
+		= fx_file_open(NULL, FX_CSTR(path), FX_FILE_READ_ONLY, &src);
 	if (fx_result_is_error(result)) {
 		fx_throw(result);
 		return -1;